黄鳍金枪鱼种群结构分析的方法学研究进展  

Research progress of Thunnus albacares population structure

作　　者：李伟文[1] 许强华[1,2,3] 陈新军[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学大洋生物资源开发和利用上海市高校重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2013年第4期485-491,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：上海市水产学一流学科建设项目;国家863计划(2012AA092303)

摘　　要：黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)作为一种重要的高价值商业性大洋鱼类,广泛分布于大西洋、印度洋和太平洋的热带和亚热带海域。近年来的资源评估表明,其资源量呈现不断下降的趋势,且中西太平洋已处于过度捕捞的状态。为确保黄鳍金枪鱼资源的可持续利用,深入了解其种群结构是必要前提。本文综述了黄鳍金枪鱼种群结构分析的研究成果,通过比较几种研究种群结构的方法后认为:形态学方法是划分群体的重要手段,但在亚种群的划分上灵敏度相对较低;标志重捕法能揭示其运动规律,但单一的标志重捕法不能很好地进行种群划分;分子标志技术可从分子水平对种群遗传结构做深入的分析,但选择合适的分子标志对于合理划分种群结构显得尤为重要。可见,对黄鳍金枪鱼种群遗传结构的研究需要结合不同的方法、并选择合适的分子标志,才能获得可靠的结果。Yellowfin tuna, an important commercial ocean fish of high value, is widely distributed in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific tropical and subtropical oceans. Fishery assessment of recent years have indicated that the resources have been declining, and the resource in the central and western Pacific has been overfished. To maintain the sustainable development of the yellowfin tuna, it is a necessary prerequisite to well understand the structure. This paper reviewed the researches on the population structure of yellowfin tuna through comparison of several research methods. Morphology is an important mean to divide population , but the sensitivity of dividing sub-population is relatively low; tageting reveals its motion law, but targeting alone can not work out well for population division; molecular markers deeply analyzed the population genetic structure from molecular levels, but choosing an appropriate molecular mark to rationally distinguish population structure is particularly important. Therefore, only the combination of different methods and choosing appropriate molecular markers can obtain a reliable structure of yellowfin tuna.

关 键 词：黄鳍金枪鱼 基因 种群结构 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]