珍稀克隆植物北极花有性繁殖动态及影响因素  

Dynamics of rare clonal plant Linnaea borealis L. sexual reproduction and related affect-ing factors.

作　　者：侯真珍[1] 何爽[1] 王风雷 张爱勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]喀纳斯管理委员会生态研究中心,新疆布尔津836600

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第12期3167-3172,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：NSFC-新疆联合基金项目(U1203102);新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室项目(XJDX0201-2011-08)资助

摘　　要：有性繁殖是克隆植物生活史中至关重要的环节,评估植物有性繁殖的程度对判断物种的命运有重要的参考价值。从北极花(Linnaea borealis L.)克隆构型、分株及居群水平上对其有性繁殖动态及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明:北极花为典型的游击型克隆构型,具有较为快速的克隆扩展能力和明显的斑块状分布。个体水平上,在分株形成的早期,对有性繁殖的投入较大。在较小分株(L<50 cm)中,无性分枝与有性分枝的数量比(1.57±0.49)和有性繁殖的平均结实率(57.77%±8.73%)与较大分株(L>80 cm,7.51±1.3,27.3%±6.52%)均呈极显著差异(P<0.01)。居群水平上,高密度克隆斑块单位面积内,有性分枝数量(44.2±4.65)显著高于中(29.8±1.98)、低(13.75±2.84)密度的克隆斑块(P<0.05)。而在同密度的北极花斑块内,具有较多伴生种的克隆斑块单位面积内有性分枝数量明显较低(P<0.01)。游人的活动对居群具干扰作用,可明显降低单位面积内有性分枝的数量。密度、干扰及伴生种等主要通过影响单位面积内的有性分枝数量对其产生影响。Sexual reproduction is a crucial process of clonal plant life history, and to evaluate the plant sexual reproduction effort is of significance in judging the fate of species. This paper studied the sexual reproduction dynamics of Linnaea borealis and related affecting factors from the aspects of clonal architecture, ramets, and population. L. borealis had a clonal architecture of ＂gueril- la＂, with a quite fast clonal expansion and an obvious patchy distribution. At ramet level, small ramets had a higher reproductive effort than larger ramets. There were significant differences in the number ratio of assimilation shoots to flowering shoots and the mean fruit-setting rate between smaller ramets （L〈50 cm, 1.57±0.49, and 57.77% ±8.73% ） and larger ramets （L 〉80 cm, 7.51±1.3, and 27.3% ±6.52% , respectively） （P 〈 0.01 ）. At population level, the number of flowering shoots per unit area in the clonal patches with relatively high density was significantly higher than that in the clonal patches with medium density and low density, being 44.2±4.65, 29.8±1.98, and 13.75±2.84, respectively （P〈0.05）. In the L. borealis patches with the same densities, the patches with more companion species had fewer sexual branch number than the patches with lesser companion species （P〈0.01）. The interferences coming from visitors ac- tivities decreased the flowering shoots number per unit area significantly. Some factors such as population density, interferences from visitors, and companion species affected the sexual repro- duction of L. borealis mainly through affecting the number of flowering shoots per unit area.

关 键 词：克隆构型 有性繁殖 种群密度 干扰 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]