铁路司乘人员甲型、乙型肝炎保护性抗体、乙肝病毒核心抗体及戊肝IgG抗体水平的检测与分析  

Testing and analysis of the levels of protective antibodies against hepatitis A and hepatitis B, core antibody against hepatitis B, and IgG antibody against hepatitis E among railway crews

作　　者：鲍中英[1] 苑晓冬[1] 段淑红[1] 王蕾[1] 秋爽[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院感染科,北京100038 [2]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院急诊科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第24期4549-4551,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发资助项目(Z2011-018)

摘　　要：目的了解铁路司乘人员甲肝、乙肝保护性抗体、乙肝核心抗体和戊肝IgG抗体水平。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测不同年龄组铁路司乘人员甲肝IgG抗体、乙肝表面抗体、乙肝核心抗体和戊肝IgG抗体水平，并分析不同年龄组各种抗体水平及其与接种率之间的关系。结果共检测不同年龄司乘人员180人，甲肝IgG抗体总阳性率为80．5％：乙肝表面抗体总阳性率为49．4％；乙肝核心抗体总阳性率为31．1％；戊肝IgG抗体总阳性率为15．5％。甲肝疫苗总接种率为63．3％，甲肝疫苗接种后保护性抗体产生率为91．O％；乙肝疫苗总接种率为77．8％，乙肝疫苗接种后保护性抗体产生率为66．4％。不同年龄组甲、乙肝保护性抗体、乙肝核心抗体和戊肝IgG抗体阳性率分别为：≤25岁组：79．2％、50．9％、11．3％、18．7％；～35岁组：71．4％、31．4％、22．85％、14．2％；-45岁组：87．7％、60．2％、46．57％、13．6％；〉45岁组：73．7％、36．8％、42．10％、15．7％。结论铁路司乘人员甲肝保护性抗体阳性率较高，无需大规模补种疫苗；乙肝疫苗接种后还有一定比例保护性抗体阴性，需要正常剂量或加量补种；乙肝自然感染率在25岁以下人群明显减少；戊肝总感染率为15．5％，而所有阳性个体均无戊肝患病史，提示均为隐性感染；隐性感染戊肝患者均有一定的传染性，建议加强餐具消毒，实行分餐制。OBJECTIVE The study was conducted to assess the levels of protective antibodies against hepatitis A and hepati- tis B, core antibody against hepatitis B, and IgG antibody against hepatitis E among railway crews. METHODS Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure the levels of IgG antibody against hepatitis A, surface antibody against hepatitis B, core antibody against hepatitis B, and IgG antibody against hepatitis E among railway crews in different age groups. The correlations between antibody levels and vaccination rates in different age groups were also analyzed. RE- SULTS A total of 180 crews of different ages were tested and the overall positive rates of IgG antibody against hepatitis A, surface antibody against hepatitis B, core antibody against hepatitis B, and IgG antibody against hepatitis E were 80.5%, 49.4%, 31.1%, and 15.5%, respectively. The overall hepatitis A vaccination coverage was 63.3% and the positive rate of protective antibody after hepatitis A vaccination was 91%; similarly, the overall hepatitis B vaccination coverage was 77.8% and the positive rate of protective antibody after hepatitis B vaccination was 66.4%. Positive rates of protective antibodies a- gainst hepatitis A and hepatitis B, core antibody against hepatitis B, and IgG antibody against hepatitis E among different age groups were 79.2%, 50.9%, 11.3%, and 18.7% for the ~〈 25 age group; 71.4%, 31.4%, 22.85%, and 14.2% for the N 35 age group： 87.7%, 60.2%, 46.57%, and 13.6% for the N45 age group; and 73.7%, 36.8%, 42.10%, and 15.7% for the 〉 45 age group, respectively. CONCLUSION Positive rate of protective antibody against hepatitis A among railway crews is high, suggesting that large-scale revaccination is un necessary ; however, a certain number of protective antibody-negative cases is still observed after hepatitis B vaccination, which indicates the necessity of revaccination with normal or increased doses. Natural infection rate of hepatitis B is significantly lower among people under the age of 2

关 键 词：甲肝 乙肝 保护性抗体 核心抗体 戊肝IgG抗体 铁路司乘人员 

分 类 号：R373.21[医药卫生—病原生物学]