数控铣床强迫振动和切削颤振试验研究  

The research of the forced vibration and cutting chatter test for CNC milling machine

作　　者：陈成[1] 

机构地区：[1]无锡科技职业学院,无锡214028

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2013年第12期49-54,共6页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：无锡科技职业学院政产学研合作(共推互聘)科技基金项目(RG12011)

摘　　要：颤振是金属切削加工过程中刀具与工件之间产生的一种强烈的相对振动,属于自激振动。颤振不仅会降低工件的加工质量与切削效率,而且还会降低刀具和机床的使用寿命;颤振产生的切削噪声不仅污染周围环境,甚至导致人身伤亡与机床加工的重大事故,因此对于颤振的研究具有较高的实际意义。通过观察工件切削表面及在机床床身主轴箱处测得的振动信号,分析了铣削过程中的强迫振动和颤振现象。通过试验最终得到如下结论:可以通过降低主轴转速、进给速度和切削深度或切削宽度的方法来减小强迫振动;通过提高主轴转速、进给速度,降低切削深度或切削宽度的方法来减小切削颤振。Machining chatter is an intensive and relative vibration between the cutting tool and the workpiece in cutting processes, which belongs to selfexcited vibration. It is a significant work to analyze and control chatter because its occurrence inevitably brings about the pollution of environment noises, decrease the surface quality, the cutting efficiency and the tool life, even results in the casualties. The influence factors of the forced vibration and chatter are studied in milling by observing and analyzing the machined surface and the spindle vibration. The amplitude of the forced vibration will increase when the rotate speed of the spin dle of the machine tool, the feed speed and cutting depth or cutting width increasing. At the same time, chatter can be weakened when increasing the rotate speed of the spindle of the machine tool and the feed speed, decreasing the cutting depth or cutting width. The results of the experiment analysis can give the methods of milling vibration control.

关 键 词：颤振 试验分析 铣削 振动 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]