叶家山曾侯墓地所见西周早期丧葬礼制四则  

Four Notes on Funeral Rituals in Early Western Zhou from the Tomb of Zeng State's Marquis in the Yejiashan Site

作　　者：杨华 

机构地区：[1]湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《江汉考古》2013年第4期93-98,共6页Jianghan Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金课题“简帛所见楚地丧祭礼制研究”(批号:09BZS006)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：见于叶家山曾侯墓四周的"斜向柱洞",就是下棺时在墓穴四周植立丰碑或桓楹而留下的痕迹,是商周时期针对深埋竖穴墓而不得不采用的一项工程技术。曾侯墓中的毁兵、折兵现象,与古人严格区分生死、故意将死器与生器做得相反的礼俗有关。曾侯墓地的方位选择,也符合商周时期关于家族墓地居于都城北方的礼制。而同一座墓出土多种族徽,说明这些青铜器有可能是其他家族赗赠的助丧器具。居于南方汉水流域的曾国,其丧葬礼制与西周早期其他地区并无大异,与《仪礼》、《礼记》等文献记载可以互相印证。The ＂inclined pole＇s holes＂, distributed around the tomb of Zeng State＇s marquis, are con- sidered to be the remains of monuments or pillars, which are used in burying the dead in a deep and vertical tomb during Shang and Zhou dynasties. The phenomenon of destroying weapons has close relationship with the custom of distinguishing the wares between the living and the dead. Moreover, the selection of tomb＇s location is also accordance to the ritual of burying families in the north of capitals. The bronzes inscribed different clan badges unearthed from the tomb are thought to be gifts of the funeral, from other clans. This paper concludes that the funeral rituals of the Zeng, although the state is located in Han River region of the south, is very similar to other regions in the north, and also could verify the authenticity of related record in Yi Li and Li Ji.

关 键 词：叶家山曾侯墓 商周 丧葬礼制 

分 类 号：K871.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]