生活及饮食习惯等因素与大肠息肉形成的关系  

Relationship of lifestyle, diet and other factors with the occurrence of colorectal polyps

作　　者：张莉[1,2] 高旭东[2] 王国芬[2] 王李心 盛丽蓉[2] 刘志科[1] 陶斯宇[1] 陈京[1] 陈大方[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学系,北京100191 [2]北京市肛肠医院(原北京市二龙路医院)内镜中心

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2013年第6期669-672,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨生活习惯、饮食因素、个人疾病及家族史与大肠息肉的关系,为制定大肠息肉的防制措施提供科学依据。方法采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究方法,选择2011年1月至2012年12月期间以各种原因来北京市肛肠医院行电子肠镜检查的大肠息肉患者作为病例组,选择性别相同、年龄相差3岁以内、同期检查的非大肠息肉患者作为对照组。对每例研究对象进行问卷调查,内容包括:一般情况、生活与饮食习惯、个人疾病史、一级亲属消化道肿瘤史等。采用非条件logistic回归进行单因素及多因素分析,计算风险比值比(OR值)及其95%CI。结果生活习惯因素中,吸烟(OR=1.4,P=0.031)和饮酒习惯(OR=1.3,P=0.042)增加大肠息肉的发病风险,而坚持体育锻炼能够降低大肠息肉的发病风险(OR=0.7,P<0.01);饮食因素中,喜欢食用较烫米饭(OR=1.6,P=0.027)和喜欢吃肥肉(OR=1.3,P=0.047)均能增加大肠息肉的发病风险;而常吃豆制品(OR=0.7,P=0.035)和常吃水果(OR=0.6,P=0.001)可降低大肠息肉的发病风险。此外,血吸虫感染史(OR=5.6,P=0.043)以及一级亲属肿瘤史(OR=2.4,P=0.001)能增加大肠息肉的发病风险。结论大肠息肉的发生与不良生活及饮食习惯有关,坚持体育锻炼、常吃豆制品和多吃水果是其保护因素。Objective To explore the relationship of lifestyle, dietary factors and personal and family histories with the occurrence of colorectal polyps, and to provide a scientific basis for preventive measures of eolorectal polyps. Methods A hospital-based ease-control study was carried out during January of 2011 to December of 2012. The cases with coloreetal polyps were from Beijing anoreetal hospital, the cases without eoloreetal polyps served as controls according to sex and age. The investigation was performed with questionnaire which included the general characteristics, lifestyle, dietary habits, personal medical history, histories of gastrointestinal cancer of relatives. The non-conditional logistic regression univariate and multivariate analysis was used to calculate the risk odds ratio （OR value） and 95% confidence intervals （95%CI）. Results Smoking and drinking habits could increase the risk of eoloreetal polyps （OR=1.4 and 1.3, P〈0.05 ）, while physical exercise could reduce the risk of coloreetal polyps （OR=0.7, P〈0.01 ）. Among dietary factors, eating over hot food and fat food could increase the risk of eolorectal polyps （OR=I.6 and 1.3, P〈 0.05 ）, but eating soy products and more fruits could reduce the risk of coloreetal polyps （OR=0.7, P〈0.05; OR=0.6, P〈0.01 ）. In addition, the history of schistosomiasis infection and the family history of cancer could increase the risk of colorectal polyps （OR =5.6, P〈0.05; OR =2.4, P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The occurrence of eolorectal polyps is related to poor lifestyle and eating habits while physical exercise and eating more fruits and soy products can be the protective factors.

关 键 词：大肠息肉 生活习惯 饮食因素 家族史 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]