3年新生儿医院感染调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of neonatal nosocomial infection in three years

作　　者：俞建德[1] 施春燕[1] 胡迪[1] 叶芳[1] 郭远瑜[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江萧山医院新生儿科,浙江杭州311202 [2]浙江萧山医院检验科,浙江杭州311202

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第24期6051-6053,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：杭州市科技局基金项目(20120633B36)

摘　　要：目的了解新生儿医院感染的发生特点,为结合本科实际制定的医院感染预防控制制度提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2009年10月-2012年9月6342例新生儿科住院患儿的医院感染发生率、感染部位及病原菌进行统计分析。结果新生儿科6342例患儿中,发生医院感染271例,感染率为4.27%,早产儿、足月儿医院感染率分别为17.92%和2.71%;2009年10月-2011年3月、2011年4月-2012年9月医院感染率分别是4.98%、3.70%,两者对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);足月儿医院感染部位以眼结膜最多占48.05%、早产儿以下呼吸道和血液感染为主,分别占29.06%、28.21%;检出的医院感染病原菌主要为肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌,分别占26.97%、21.35%。结论新生儿医院感染主要发生在早产儿,病原菌主要是产ESBLs的革兰阴性杆菌,通过加强医院感染管理,可有效降低新生儿医院感染发生率。OBJECTIVE To understand the characteristics of nosocomial infection in neonatal ward, and provide a scientific basis for the development of nosocomial infection prevention and control system combined with the reality of our department. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 6342 cases of neonatal inpatients in our hospital from Oct. 2009 to Sep. 2012, and a statistical analysis was performed on the infection rate, infection sites and pathogens of nosocomial infection. RESULTS Among 6432 neonatal inpatients, the nosocomial infection occurred in 271 cases, and the infection rate was 4.27%. In preterm infants and term infants, the incidence rate was 17. 92% and 2.71% respectively. The nosocomial infection rates were 4.98% and 3.70% from Oct. 2009 to Mar. 2011, and from Apr. 2011 to Sep. 2012 respectively. The difference between them was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Most of the nosocomial infection sites in full-term infants were the conjunctiva, while most in preterm infants were the lower respiratory tract and blood, accounting for 29.06%, 28.21% respectively. The main pathogens detected for nosocomial infection were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, accounting for 26.97%, 21. 35%. CONCLUSION The neonatal nosocomial infection mainly occurs in premature infants. The pathogens are mainly ESBLs producing gram-negative bacilli. The incidence of neonatal nosocomial infection can be effectively reduced through the strengthening of management of nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：新生儿 早产儿 医院感染 

分 类 号：R722.13[医药卫生—儿科]