2007-2012年洋葱伯克霍尔德菌分布及药敏性变迁  

Distribution and drug susceptibility of Burkholderia epacia from 2007 to 2012

作　　者：梁志科[1] 陈惠玲[2] 赵子文[1] 李裕军[1] 叶惠芬[2] 刘朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院附属广州市第一人民医院呼吸科,广东广州510180 [2]广州医学院附属广州市第一人民医院细菌实验室,广东广州510180

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第24期6118-6120,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(10151006001000015);广州市医药卫生科技基金项目(201102A212019)

摘　　要：目的探讨6年洋葱伯克霍尔德菌的分离结果和药物敏感性及其变迁,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法对2007年1月-2012年6月住院患者送检的标本进行培养,用VITEK细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统对菌落进行菌种鉴定及药敏试验。结果 6年共分离出洋葱伯克霍尔德菌456株,连续监测发现该菌的临床检出率呈逐年上升的趋势,尤其是2012年前6个月该菌的分离率较前明显攀升,达130株;其对阿米卡星、庆大霉素、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢唑林、呋喃妥因、妥布霉素的总耐药率均>93.0%;对头孢他啶、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢吡肟耐药率均有所上升,由2007年的0、0、15.0%,2012年分别上升至7.0%、7.8%和33.1%,对环丙沙星的耐药率则由70.0%降至32.3%;对亚胺培南的耐药率无明显改变。结论洋葱伯克霍尔德菌的临床检出率呈逐年上升趋势,且对多种常用药物的耐药性不断增加,应加强监测、制定合理的临床用药策略。OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and change in antimicrobial susceptibility of Burkholderia epacia in the past 6 years so as to guide the reasonable clinical use of antibiotics. METHODS The bacterial culture was performed for the submitted specimens obtained from the patients who were hospitalized from Jan 2007 to Jun 2012, then the bacterial identification was conducted with the use o{ VITEK automatic system, and the drug susceptibility testing was carried by using drug susceptibility analyzer. RESULTS A total of 456 strains of B. cepacia have been isolated during the past 6 years, the continuous surveillance showed that the clinical isolation rate was increased year by year, with a significant increase before Jun 2012, reaching up to 130 strains. The overall drug resistance rates to amikacin, gentamycin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefazolin, nitrofurantoin, and tobramycin were more than 93.0% ; the drug resistance rates to ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and cefepime showed an upward trend to a limited degreel respectively increasing from 0, 0, and 15.0% in 2007 to 7.0%, 7.8%, and 33.1% ; the drug resistance rate to cipro{loxacin dropped down from 70.0% to 32.3 % ; the drug resistance rate to imipenem did not change significantly. CONCLUSION The clinical isolation rate of B. cepacia is increased year by year, while the drug resistance rates to many commonly used antibiotics growing increasingly; it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and formulate reasonable medication strategies.

关 键 词：洋葱伯克霍尔德菌 医院感染 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]