急性呼吸道感染患儿肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、嗜肺军团菌检测结果分析  

Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila in children with acute respiratory infection

作　　者：廖嘉仪 张涛 

机构地区：[1]广州市越秀区儿童医院呼吸科,510115

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2013年第22期1719-1722,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技项目（2009-YB-177）

摘　　要：目的 分析急性呼吸道感染住院患儿肺炎支原体（MP）、肺炎衣原体（CP）、嗜肺军团菌（LP）感染特点。方法 对2012年1月至12月广州市越秀区儿童医院住院部5275例年龄3 d～16岁急性呼吸道感染住院患儿，于入院后立即采集静脉血和尿液，应用被动凝集法检测血清 MP-IgM，ELISA 法检测血清 CP-IgM，免疫层析法检测尿液LP抗原，阳性病例入选，分析其病例资料。结果 1.在5275例标本中检出1种或1种以上病原1537例（占29.1%），其中检出MP 1060例（占20.1%），CP 459例（占8.7%），LP 18例（占0.3%），混合感染135例（占2.56%）。2.MP、CP、LP检出率在不同月份、不同季度间及同一月份、同一季度内比较差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）。MP检出率 11月份最高，5月份最低；CP检出率 11月份最高，7月份最低；LP检出率12月份最高，2月份、5月份、7-11月份均未检出。MP、CP、LP冬季检出率最高；MP、CP夏季检出率最低，LP秋季检出率最低。3.MP、CP、LP 3种病原体合计检出率，12月份较其他月份高，冬季较春、夏、秋季高，且好发于5岁以上儿童，男童比女童高发，支气管肺炎患儿较其他急性呼吸道感染疾病患儿高。结论 病原学检测是诊断儿童MP、CP、LP感染的重要依据。Objective To analyze the characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumo-niae （MP）, Chlamydia pneumoniae （CP） , Legionella pneumophila （LP） in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection. Methods Serum and urine were collected from 5275 children （aged from 3 days to 16 years old） admitted with acute respiratory tract infection from Jan. to Dce. 2012. The levels of MP-IgM, CP-IgM in serum, and LP antigen in urine were detected by passive agglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunochromatographic assay respectively. The epi- demiology of positive cases were analyzed. Results 1. Among 5275 children with acute respiratory tract infection, 1537 cases （29.1%） were detected with at least 1 type of the pathogens：MP infection was 20.1% （ 1060 cases） ,CP infection was 8.7% （45 cases） ,and LP positive rate was 0.3% （ 18 cases） ,mix infection rate was 2.56% （ 135 cases）. 2. The prevalence of MP,CP and LP infections in the different months and quarters were significantly different（ all P 〈 0.01 ）. The positive rate of MP was highest in November while it was lowest in May. The positive rate of CP was highest in November while it was lowest in July. The positive rate of LP was highest in December, no infection case was found in February, May and the time during July to November. 3. In all, the occurrence of positive results of MP, CP, and LP in children were higher in winter than that in other seasons. The infection of December was more than that in the other month. Meanwhile,infection of MP, CP and LP were mostly occured in children over age of 5. In addition, the positive rates were higher in male than that in female. Furthermore, children with bronchial pneumonia had higher positive rates of infection compared to children with acute respiratory tract infection. Conclusion Pathogen detection is an important basis for the diagnosis of children with the infection of MP, CP, LP.

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 肺炎支原体 肺炎衣原体 嗜肺军团菌 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]