不同氮效率烟草品种氮素营养特性的差异  

Differential Analysis of Nitrogen Nutrition Characteristics Between Tobacco Cultivars of Different Nitrogen Utilization

作　　者：梁太波[1] 王高杰 张艳玲[1] 王建伟[1] 奚家勤[1] 刘阳[1] 王爱国[1] 尹启生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 [2]河南中烟工业有限责任公司

出　　处：《烟草科技》2013年第12期63-66,共4页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"不同氮效率烟草品种根际土壤硝化特征与植株氮素利用研究"(31101120)

摘　　要：为明确不同氮效率烟草品种的氮素营养特性差异,通过砂培盆栽试验研究了两种氮素水平下12个大田主栽烟草品种的氮素营养特性,并进行了评价和分类。结果表明,各品种烟草氮素吸收效率和利用效率的表现趋势较为一致,均可划分为4种类型。不同品种烟草植株氮素含量和积累量存在明显差异,品种对氮素水平的响应也明显不同。不同品种烟草含氮量的变异幅度表现为茎叶明显高于根系,而氮积累量变异幅度则表现为茎叶明显低于根系。施氮均能明显提高烟草植株各器官氮素含量,增加氮素积累量,同时提高氮素在茎叶中的分配比例。在两种氮素水平下,烟草根系活力与单株氮积累量和氮素吸收效率均呈显著正相关,烟草品种间根系活力的差异是造成其氮素积累和吸收效率差异的重要原因。In order to investigate the difference of nitrogen nutrition characteristics between different tobacco cultivars, a sand-culture pot experiment was carried out at two nitrogen levels on 12 major tobacco cultivars, and their nitrogen nutrition characteristics were evaluated and classified. The results showed that the trend of nitrogen absorption efficiency was consistent with that of nitrogen utilization efficiency for the same cultivar. Nitrogen content, nitrogen accumulation amount, and response to nitrogen level were obviously different between cultivars, and the cultivars could be divided into four types. The variation of nitrogen content in stalk and leaf was obviously higher than that in root, while the variation of nitrogen accumulation amount in stalk and leaf was significantly lower than that in root. Nitrogen application could obviously increase the nitrogen content in all organs of tobacco plant, raise nitrogen accumulation amount and the proportions of nitrogen distribution in stalk and leaf. Tobacco root vigor significantly positively correlated to the nitrogen accumulation amount and nitrogen absorption efficiency of tobacco plant at the two nitrogen levels. The difference of tobacco root vigor between cultivars was an important reason causing the differences of nitrogen accumulation and absorption efficiency between cultivars.

关 键 词：烟草 氮效率 氮素营养特性 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]