监管场所内外吸毒人群HIV相关危险行为及感染状况比较  

Comparison of HIV prevalence and its related risk behaviors between the community-based and rehabilitation center-based drug users

作　　者：王冰娜 林鹏[2] 李艳[2] 杨放[2] 付笑冰[2] 李雷[3] 文美贞[4] 岑玫喜[5] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院,广东广州510632 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病预防控制所,广东广州511430 [3]中山市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病预防控制所,广东中山528400 [4]江门市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病预防控制所,广东江门529000 [5]云浮市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病预防控制科,广东云浮527300

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2013年第12期1017-1020,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：2011-2012年中美艾滋病防治合作项目

摘　　要：目的比较社区与监管场所之间吸毒人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)、梅毒螺旋体的感染状况及相关危险行为的差异。方法采用"同伴推动抽样方法(respondent-driven sampling,RDS)"在广东省3地市征募社区吸毒人群进行问卷调查,同时采集血样进行HIV、HCV和梅毒抗体的检测。在3地市各选取1强制戒毒场所,按照全国统一的艾滋病哨点监测方案对戒毒者进行问卷调查和HIV、HCV、梅毒的检测。结果与监管场所内戒毒人群相比,市1社区招募的吸毒人群女性比例更高、外省户籍人口比例较低,市2社区招募吸毒人群的未婚比例更高;市3场所内外吸毒/戒毒人群人口学特征基本相同;注射毒品、共用针具2个高危行为在3地区的场所内外吸毒/戒毒人群间差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);市2社区吸毒人群的HIV阳性率为8.3%,当地监管场所内的结果为1.3%,差异有统计学意义(2=19.59,P<0.001)。结论不同地区社区与监管场所吸毒/戒毒人群之间在HIV感染率、人口学及行为学方面均存在不同程度的差异,提示目前主要来自监管场所吸毒人群的哨点资料不一定能代表当地的实际情况,应结合社区的监测结果做综合判断。Objective To compare the differences of prevalence of HIV, HCV and syphilis and related risk behaviors between community-based and rehabilitation center-based drug users. Methods Respondent-driven sampling was ap- plied to recruit community-based drug users in three cities in Guangdong Province. Questionnaire survey and blood samples were collected and tested for HIV, HCV and syphilis antibodies. The interviews and serological tests were administered among the rehabilitation center-based drug users based on the national HIV sentinel surveillance protocol. Results Com- pared to the rehabilitation center-based drug users, the community-based drug users in city 1 had higher proportion of fe- males, lower proportion of migrants ; those in city 2 had a higher proportion of unmarried persons. The demographic charac- teristics were not significantly different between rehabilitation center-based and community-based drug users in city 3. There were significant differences in injection drug users and needle sharing between rehabilitation center-based and community- based drug. users. In city 2, the prevalence of HIV was 8. 3% among community-based drug users, which was higher than that （ 1.3% ） among the rehabilitation center-based drug users （ χ2 = 19. 59, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusions There were varying degrees of difference in HIV prevalence, demographic characteristics and behaviors in different regions, which indicated that the sentinel data mainly from rehabilitation center may not be able to represent the real situation. The combination of both populations of drug users should be used.

关 键 词：HIV 危险行为 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181[医药卫生—临床医学]