热带设施无土栽培氮肥水平对甜瓜产量和品质的影响  

Effects of nitrogen levels on yield and quality of tropical facilities soilless cultivated melon

作　　者：曹明[1] 黄植[1] 杨小锋[1] 杨沐[1] 杨光华[1] 

机构地区：[1]三亚市南繁科学技术研究院/海南省热带设施农业工程技术研究中心,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2013年第22期86-89,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2011BAD12B01-7)

摘　　要：设计4种氮肥水平N7(7 mmol/L)、N10(10 mmol/L)、N13(13 mmol/L)和N16(16 mmol/L)处理,以N7为对照,研究营养液中不同氮肥浓度对无土栽培甜瓜生长发育、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,N16处理甜瓜株高最高,茎粗最粗,功能叶叶面积最大,随着营养液中氮肥浓度的增加,甜瓜单果质量呈现先逐渐增加后降低的趋势,N13处理甜瓜单果质量较N16、N10、N7分别提高了12.89%、20.99%、51.03%。可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量和维生素C含量均表现为N7>N10>N13>N16,且差异显著。综合而言,高浓度氮肥有利于甜瓜营养阶段生长,中等浓度氮肥处理对其产量提高有利,低浓度氮肥处理则能保障甜瓜品质。实际生产中建议氮素分期管理以达到最佳效果。The effect of nitrogen nutrient levels in nutrient solution on yield and quality of tropical facilities soilless cultivated melon was discussed by using four kinds of different nitrogen concentration in nutrient solution which included N7 （7 mmol/L）, N10（10 mmol/L）, N13（13 mmol/L） and N16（16 mmol/L）, with N7 as control treatment. The results indicated that, the height, stem diameter and function leaf area reached the highest point in N16 treatment. With the increase of nitrogen concentration in the nutrient solution, melon average fruit weight showed a trend of decrease slightly after a increase and reached the peak at N13 level. Average fruit weight of melon in N13 treatment increased by 12.89%, 20.99% and 51.03% respectively than N16, N10 and N7 treatment. Soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and vitamin C content of melon ranked as N7 〉N10 〉N13 〉N16, the difference was significant. In terms of comprehensive, high concentration of nitrogen was advantageous to the melon nutrition growth stage, the middle concentration was beneficial to yield, low concentration treatment could ensure quality. In actual production, we suggest that the management of nitrogen strategy should be used in stages in order to achieve the best result.

关 键 词：甜瓜 氮肥水平 热带设施无土栽培 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S652.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]