儿童肱骨远端泪滴影及前倾角的解剖影像研究  

Anatomical radiographic research of the teardrop and anteverted angle of the distal humerus in children

作　　者：廖世杰[1] 赵劲民[1] 陆荣斌[1] 苏柱程[1] 丁晓飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第一附属医院创伤手外科,南宁530021

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2013年第6期673-676,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2010GXNSFA013161)

摘　　要：目的通过尸体解剖及DR-X线摄片系统观测儿童肱骨远端泪滴影的解剖形成及前倾角度。方法利用细铅丝在儿童肘关节尸体标本上模拟肱骨远端泪滴影以探讨其解剖形成,同时利用细铅丝模拟肱骨小头及滑车的形状,通过DR-X线摄片测量肱骨小头及滑车的前倾角度。结果泪滴影前部、后部及下部的致密影分别由肱骨远端冠状窝后缘、鹰嘴窝前缘及滑车相对区肱骨干骺端骺板下骨形成。肱骨小头前倾角为(42.63±2.24)°,滑车前倾角为(10.58±2.82)°。结论儿童肱骨远端泪滴影分别由冠状窝后缘、鹰嘴窝前缘及滑车相对区肱骨远端干骺端骺板下骨等三部分围绕形成,其结构变化可作为诊断隐匿型或者无移位肱骨髁上骨折的参考指标;肱骨远端骨折复位时应注意恢复肱骨小头、肱骨滑车的前倾角度。Objective To explore the anatomical structure of the teardrop of the distal humerus and anteverted angle of the capitellum and trochlea in children. Methods We explored the anatomical formation of teardrop of the distal humerus and observed the antevertion angle of the capitellum and trochlea by simulating their shape in the elbow cadavers through DR-X-ray radiography system. Results The anterior, posterior, and lower edges of the teardrop corresponded to the posterior edge of the coronary fossa, the front edge of the olecranon fossa and the sub-epiphyseal bone of humeral metaphysis facing the trochlea, respectively. The degree of anteverted angulation of the capitellum and trochlea was （42.63±2.24）° and （10.58±2.82）°, respectively. Conclusions The change of teardrop may be helpful in diagnosis of the occult supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. And the anteverted angle of the capitellum and trochlea should be restored after reduction of the distal humeral fracture.

关 键 词：肱骨远端 肱骨小头 肱骨滑车 泪滴影 儿童 

分 类 号：R816.2[医药卫生—放射医学]