组织工程骨构建的研究进展  

Research progress in the construction of tissue engineered bone

作　　者：何益群[1] 董有海[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院骨科,上海200240

出　　处：《复旦学报（医学版）》2013年第6期738-743,共6页Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences

摘　　要：近年来组织工程技术的迅速发展为骨缺损的治疗开辟了新的思路,其基本原理为在体外构筑支架材料-种子细胞-生长因子复合物,然后移植到骨缺损处,经过材料的吸收和组织的增生,实现自身骨组织代替组织工程骨,最终实现骨的形态和功能上的修复。种子细胞及支架材料是组织工程骨构建的核心,通过对种子细胞的成骨诱导以及对支架材料理化性能的改良可以提高组织工程骨促进骨生成及修复的效能。既往研究表明血管及神经分布对骨形成具有一定的促进作用,因此对组织工程骨进行血管化和神经化也能达到相似效果。随着组织工程技术的发展,目前通过复合构建已制造出具有一定功能的简单组织结构。In recent years, the flying development of tissue engineering techniques breaks an innovative pathway to bone defect regeneration. Composites composed of scaffolds, cells and growth factors were constructed in vitro, and then were transplanted to the site of bone defect in vivo. The tissue engineered bone was gradually replaced by autogenic bone tissue via the absorption of implants and the hyperplasia of autogenic tissue. This process finally led to the completely morphological and functional repair of bone defect. As the cores of bone tissue engineering construction, osteogenic induction of seed cells and enhaneement of scaffoldsr physical and chemical properties both could promote the effectiveness of bone regeneration triggered by tissue engineered bone. Previous research demonstrated that blood vessels and nerves distributing on the bone had positive affect on bone formation, accordingly vascularizaton and neuralization of tissue engineered bone may achieve the similar effects. Currently structures of simple functions could be manufactured by the composite construction.

关 键 词：种子细胞 支架材料 血管化 神经化 组织工程骨 构建 

分 类 号：R683[医药卫生—骨科学]