城市血吸虫病流行因素及流行特点研究  

STUDIES ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND FEATURES OF URBAN SCHISTOSOMIASIS

作　　者：李雍龙[1] 黄四喜 刘书耀[1] 李孝清 周梓林[1] 胡世全 

机构地区：[1]同济医科大学寄生虫学教研室,湖北武汉430030 [2]武汉市血吸虫病防治研究所 [3]武汉市地方病防治办公室

出　　处：《中国寄生虫病防治杂志》2000年第4期279-281,共3页Chinese Journal of Parasitic Disease Control

基　　金：湖北省科委资助!项目 (No.912 A16 0 2 )

摘　　要：为控制血吸虫病在城市的流行 ,以武汉市城区为对象 ,对城市血吸虫病流行因素及特点进行了研究。结果显示 ,在城市血吸虫病流行病学中 ,人和耕牛是主要传染源。江滩主要污染源是牛粪 ,其次是人粪。与农村血吸虫病相比 ,城市血吸虫病具有以下明显不同的流行特点 :(1)感染方式主要为非生产性接触疫水 (80 .2 % ) ;(2 )感染季节集中 ,91.7%的感染发生在 6、7、8月 ;(3)感染高峰年龄组在 7～ 40岁人群 ;(4 )工人和学生为城市血吸虫病的主要感染人群。此外、城区江滩钉螺主要来源于城区上游 2 0 km范围内的有螺洲、岛。江滩钉螺的分布与江滩的土质、植被、滩面高程、坡度及水流状态有关。To control the endemic of urban schistosomiasis, the epidemiological factors and characters of urban schistosomiasis japonica were studied in Wuhan City. The results showed and suggested that the major sources of infection in the urban were human and buffalo infected with schistosome. The beaches were polluted mainly by faeces from buffaloes and human. There were significantly differences between the epidemiological characters of urban schistosomiasis and rural schistosomiasis: (1) the mode of infection in urban population was mainly to be contacted with infective water due to non producetive activity (80.2%) and swimming in Yantze River was the most important infective mode (72.2%); (2) the season of high risk of infection was June, July and August, more than 91% of infection was occured during this period; (3) the high risk population was young man aged between 7-40 years old; (4) workers and students were high risk population in the urban endemic area. The mainly source of snails in Wuhan City was from the beaches and islands upper from the City 20 km. The snails were distributed in focus on the beaches of the river and the distribution of the snails was correlative with the quality of the soil, vegetation, altitude, gradient of the beaches and the status of water stream.

关 键 词：城市 血吸虫病 传染源 钉螺 流行病学 

分 类 号：R532.210.1[医药卫生—内科学]