重症监护室获得性感染与传播机制研究  

A Study on ICU-Acquired Infection and Its Spreading Mechanism

作　　者：李革[1] 卢仙娥[1] 邓济苏[1] 王从容 曹何[1] 余显书[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院,重庆400016

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2000年第6期404-406,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的　有效地预防和控制重症监护病室 (CIU)获得性感染的发生。方法　对某教学医院 7个 ICU中住ICU时间 48h以上的 2 83例患者进行前瞻性研究 ;并用质粒图谱及质粒限制性内切酶图谱等分子生物学方法对有流行病学相关性的感染及环境分离株进行分析。结果　 ICU获得性感染 83例 ,感染率 2 9.33% ;感染优势菌为铜绿假单胞菌 2 7.72 %、鲍曼不动杆菌 18.81%、金黄色葡萄球菌 10 .89%、大肠埃希菌 6 .93%和真菌 11.88%。结论　患者之间交叉感染是 ICU获得性感染的主要传播机制 ;污染的氧气管、气管插管、呼吸机雾化器、导尿管、床旁柜。OBJECTIVE To study on ICU acquired infection and its sprzading lrachahism. METHODS A prospective study for 283 inpatients in 7 intensive care units over 48 hours were followed up in a teaching hospital from 1 Jan to 31 Dec 1998. RESULTS There were 83 patients suffered from nosocomial infection, the nosocomial infection rate was 29.33%. The dominant pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(27.72%), Acinetobacter baumannii (18.81%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.89%), Escherichia coli (6.93%) and fungi (11.88%). Simultaneously the techniques of plasmid profile and plasmid endonuclease profile were used for detection of the epidemiological related strains which isolated from nosocomial infection patients and corresponding environments. CONCLUSIONS The result suggested that the cross infection among the patients be the main spreading mechanism of ICU acquired infection, and the contaminated ventilation tubes, tracheal intubations, urethral catheters, humidifiers of breathing mashine, bedside tables and public sinks etc be the important factors of cross infection.

关 键 词：重症监护室 医院感染 传播机制 质粒 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学] R181.34[医药卫生—治疗学]