卡林型金矿及其成矿若干问题的探讨  

Several mineralization issues of the carlin type gold deposit

作　　者：杨建鹏[1,2] 孙磊 薛超[1,2] 魏安军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学地质学系,西安710069 [2]大陆动力学国家重点实验室,西安710069 [3]陕西省铜川市煤炭工业局,铜川727031

出　　处：《矿产勘查》2013年第6期655-661,共7页Mineral Exploration

摘　　要：卡林型金矿床这一概念最早由美国地质学家Radtke A S和Dickson F W提出,经过半个多世纪的研究,对其众多成矿特征已达成共识,但关于卡林型金矿床的成矿机制、成矿物质(沉积岩、岩浆岩及深部幔源)、矿化流体来源(大气水成因、岩浆成因、变质成因或混合成因)、驱动力(古地热驱动、地下水流体重力驱动还是岩浆热液驱动等)及成矿期次(究竟是一次成矿还是多次成矿叠加)尚存在很多争议。综合前人的研究成果和思考,得出如下结论:金的来源具有深部幔源的特征;特定的地质构造活动(如预成矿期的区域深大断裂、沉积喷流作用,成矿期区域伸展背景下的高角度断层及挤压背景下的褶皱枢纽或剪切角砾岩带等);成矿物质和流体的多源性(成矿物质多次富集引起的多源性);成矿的复杂性和多因素控制性。The concept of Carlin type gold deposit was proposed by American geologists of A.S.Radtke and F.W.Dickson in the 20th century.After more than half a century of research,many ore-forming characteristics of the Carlin type gold deposit have been reached to a common knowledge,however,there still are many controversies on its metallogenic material sources （source of sedimentary rocks,magmatic rocks,or deep mantle）,mineralization fluid source（source of meteoric water,magmatic water,metamorphic water or mixed）,driving force of the mineralization fluid（droved by the ancient geothermal,fluid gravity of groundwater or magmatic hydrothermal） and metallogenic period of time （whether a single stage of metallogenic process or multiple stages of superimposed mineralization） （Muntean et al.,2004; Cline et al.,2005）.Based on the integrated analysis of the research achievements of the predecessors,it is proposed that the ore-forming source has the characteristics of deep mantle source ; the gold deposit was formed in the specific geological tectonic environments such as the regional deep fracture,sedimentary exhalative processes and steepangle fault under the regional stretch background,sheared fold hinge or brecciaed zone under the extensional background in the metallogenic period; Multiple sources of ore-forming materials and fluids（multiple enrichment of metallogenic materials ; complexity and multiple ore-controlling factors.

关 键 词：卡林型金矿 成矿物质 流体来源 成矿机制 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]