甬优系列杂交稻品种的超高产群体特征  

Characteristics of Super-high Yield Population in Yongyou Series of Hybrid Rice

作　　者：韦还和 姜元华 赵可[1] 许俊伟[1] 张洪程[2,1] 戴其根[2,1] 霍中洋[2,1] 许轲[2,1] 魏海燕[2,1] 郑飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》2013年第12期2201-2210,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程(2011BAD16B03);农业部超级稻新品种选育与示范项目(02318802013231);江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2012]397)资助

摘　　要：以籼粳杂交稻有代表性的品种甬优11、甬优12、甬优13、甬优15、甬优17为试材,通过栽培措施的调控,形成超高产(产量≥12.0 t hm–2)和高产(10.5 t hm–2≤产量<12.0 t hm–2)群体。比较研究其特征表明,与高产群体比,超高产群体的总颖花量极显著提高,而结实率和千粒重略降低;平均每穗粒数极显著提高,并且一、二次枝粳数以及粒数显著或极显著提高;拔节期的干物重略低,但抽穗期和成熟期的干物重均显著或极显著提高;其有效分蘖临界叶龄期至拔节期的生长平稳,无效分蘖发生少,高峰苗低,拔节期以后茎蘖数下降平缓,成穗率、叶面积指数、光合势、干物质积累量等均较高;基部第1、第2、第3节间的茎秆粗度和茎壁厚度及基部第1、第2、第3节间的弯曲力矩、抗折力均显著或极显著提高,且倒伏指数减小。A field experiment was conducted using the representative indica-japonica hybrid rice Yongyou 11, Yongyou 12, Yongyou 13, Yongyou 15, Yongyou 17 to compare between super-high and high yield populations formed by the regulation of cultivation measures. The results showed that the spikelets of the super-high yield population was higher than that of high yield population, with difference very significant, but the seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight of the super-high yield population were lower than those of high yield population. The average spikeletsper panicle was significantly higher than that of high yield population, meanwhile the number of the primary and secondary branches and total grains were higher than those of high yield population, showing a significant or very significant difference. The dry matter accumulation of the super-high yield population was a little lower than that of the high yield population at the jointing stage, but higher at heading and maturity stages. From the critical leaf-age for productive tillers to jointing stage, the super-high yield population had a steady growth with less ineffective tillers and lower peak number of tillers after jointing stage, the super-high yield population had a steady decline in number of tillers and had higher productive tillers rate, leaf area index, photosynthetic potential and dry matter accumulation, compared with the high yield population. The super-high yield population had higher culm diameter and culm wall thickness in the basal first, second and third internodes, as well as higher bender moment and anti-broken strength, and lower lodging index than the high yield population.

关 键 词：亚种间杂交稻 甬优系列 超高产 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]