那什那泡沉积物氮磷有机质污染特征及评价  

Examining the Vertical Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Levels of Total Nitrogen,Total Phosphorus,and Organic Matters in the Sediments of Nashina Lake

作　　者：李苗[1] 臧淑英[1] 张策[1] 肖海丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学黑龙江省普通高等学校地理环境遥感监测重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《地理科学》2013年第12期1531-1536,共6页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41030743;40972115);黑龙江省高等学校科技创新团队建设计划项目(2010td10)资助

摘　　要：于2010年7月在那什那泡采集柱状沉积物样品，测定了那什那泡沉积岩芯（NSN）总氮（TN）、总磷（TPl以及有机质（OM）等指标的含量，分析了TN、TP、OM、TOC／TN的垂直分布特征。研究结果表明：NSN中TN含量变化范围为1156-4191mg／kg，平均为2891mg／kg；TP含量变化范围为358-509mg／kg，平均值为442mg／kg；OM含量变化范围为1．29％-3．64％，平均值为2．03％。沉积物中OM含量变化幅度不大，TN和TP波动明显，但三者含量从底层至表层大体上都呈上升趋势。TOC／TN为2．50～7．94，平均值为4．35，沉积物中有机质主要来自湖泊内源的水生生物、浮游动植物和藻类。通过有机指数与有机氮指标评价表明那什那泡2001～2009年存在有机污染；从有机氮指标来看，所采的柱状沉积物在整个沉积过程中有机氮含量都很高，那什那泡存在有机氮污染。Associated with agricultural growth, industrial development, as well as urban population growth in the Nashina Lake region, pollutants from agricultural, industrial and domestic activities have led to the deterio- ration of water quality. Nashina Lake is in the center of the Lianhuan Lake, an important natural resource protec- tion zone with a geographical area approximately 533 km2. In order to reveal the evolution process of eutrophi- cation of the Nashina Lake, sediment core samples were collected from the lake using a gravity sampler in July 2010. Contents of total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP） and organic matters （OM） of the sediments sam- ples were determined and the vertical distribution characteristics of TN, TP, OM, and TOC/TN were analyzed. The results show that： TN concentrations in the sediments were ranged from 1 156 mg/kg to 4 191 mg/kg, with an average of 2 891 mg/kg. The TP concentrations in the sediments were ranged from 358 mg/kg to 509 mg/kg, with an average of 442 mg/kg. The concentrations of OM in the sediments were ranged from 1.29% to 3.64%, with an average of 2.03%. Comparatively, the concentrations of OM hada lower variation level, while those of TN and TP fluctuated significantly. The concentrations of TN, TP, and OM generally showed an ascendant trend, especially in1999 -2009. The TOC/TN ratios in the lake sediments were ranged from 2.50 to 7.94, with an average of 4.35. Analysis of results also indicates that the OM and nutrients were derived from aquatic plants, zooplankton, and phytoplankton and alga. Based on the examinations of organic indices, we also found that the impacts of human activities were insignificant from 1831 to 1999, as the lake was continuously in the natural state, with organic matters mainly authigenicand the water belonging to the less clean category. With the rapid economic development from 1999 to 2009, associated with the intensified activities of agricultural, fisher- ies, animal husbandry and tourism, higher levels of feed and animal man

关 键 词：那什那泡 沉积物 氮 磷 有机质 污染历史 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]