0.2%苄嘧磺隆·丙草胺颗粒剂在水稻田中的残留及消解动态  

Residue and decline of bensulfuron methyl·pretilachlor 2g/kg granule in paddy field

作　　者：罗俊凯[1] 黄雪[1] 龚道新[1,2] 杨丽华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农业环境保护研究所,长沙410128

出　　处：《农药学学报》2013年第6期667-672,共6页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：农业部农药残留研究项目(2010H218);广西省南宁市专利新产品产业化重大科技专项(201106055D)

摘　　要：采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法研究了0.2%苄嘧磺隆·丙草胺颗粒剂在稻田环境中的消解动态和最终残留。稻田水、谷壳、稻秆和水稻植株样品用二氯甲烷提取，土壤样品用V（二氯甲烷）：V（甲醇）=9：1的混合液提取，糙米样品用V（二氯甲烷）：V（甲醇）=7：3的混合液提取后再用二氯甲烷萃取；HPLC法测定。结果表明：当添加水平在0.05～1 mg/kg（或mg/L）时，苄嘧磺隆和丙草胺的平均回收率均在75%～103%之间，相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.6%～13%；苄嘧磺隆和丙草胺的检出限（LOD）均为0.02 mg/L，最小检出量均为4.0×10-10 g，在稻田水中的最低检测浓度（LOQ）均为0.001 mg/L，在稻田土壤中的LOQ均为0.005 mg/kg，在水稻植株、谷壳和糙米中的LOQ均为0.01 mg/kg。在水稻移栽后5～7 d，采用直接撒施法在高剂量（270 kg/hm2，其中苄嘧磺隆有效成分为67.5 g/hm2，丙草胺有效成分为472.5 g/hm2）下施药1次的消解动态试验结果表明：在稻田水、土壤和水稻植株中，苄嘧磺隆的消解半衰期分别为5.06～5.83 d、9.76～11.55 d和4.52～4.82 d，丙草胺的消解半衰期分别为5.94～6.45 d、7.70～9.90 d和4.11～4.89 d。分别按低剂量（180 kg/hm2，其中苄嘧磺隆有效成分为45 g/hm2，丙草胺有效成分为315 g/hm2）和高剂量（270 kg/hm2）施药1次，在正常收获期收获的糙米中均未检出苄嘧磺隆和丙草胺残留。Field experiments were conducted to study decline and final residue of bensulfuron methyl·pretilachlor 2 g/kg granule in paddy field.Paddy water,chaff,rice straw and rice plant sample were directly extracted with dichloromethane,paddy soil were directly extracted with V（dichloromethane）：V（methanol）=9：1 mixture,brown rice were extracted with V（dichloromethane）：V（methanol）=7：3 mixture and dichloromethane.The residue of pesticides was detected by HPLC.The results showed that when the spiked levels were 0.05 to 1 mg/kg（mg/L）,the average recovery of bensulfuron methyl and pretilachlor ranged from 75% to 103% with relative standard deviation of 1.6%-13%;the limit of detection（LOD） of bensulfuron methyl and pretilachlor were 0.02 mg/L,the minimum detectable amount were 4.0×10-10 g,and the limit of quantification（LOQ） were 0.001 mg/L in paddy water,0.005 mg/kg in paddy soil,0.01 mg/kg in rice plant,chaff and brown rice.Decline study was done by spraying with a high dose（270 kg/hm2,bensulfuron methyl active ingredient was 67.5 g/hm2,pretilachlor methyl active ingredient was 472.5 g/hm2） by direct scatter method after rice was transplanted in 5-7 days,and the final residual test carried out with a low dose （180 kg/hm2, bensulfuron methyl active ingredient was 45 g/hm2,pretilachlor methyl active ingredient was 315 g/hm2） and high dose（270 kg/hm2）. The results showed that the half-lives of bensulfuron methyl were 5.06 to 5.83 days in water,9.76 to 11.55 days in soil and 4.52 to 4.82 days in plant,and the half-lives of pretilachlor were 5.94 to 6.45 days in water,7.70 to 9.90 days in soil and 4.11 to 4.89 days in plant.The final residues of bensulfuron methyl and pretilachlor were not detected in normal harvest brown rice.

关 键 词：苄嘧磺隆 丙草胺 水稻 残留 消解动态 

分 类 号：O657.7[理学—分析化学] S482.4[理学—化学]