云南省桑园内茶黄螨的发生规律与防治方法  

Occurrence Regularity and Control Menthods of Yellow Tea Mite( Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks) in Mulberry Gardens of Yunnan Province

作　　者：杜伟[1] 储一宁[1] 李腾芳[1] 陈松[1] 姚丽萍[1] 黄平[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,云南蒙自661101

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2013年第6期1071-1077,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目(No.2011CA027);云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所青年创新基金项目(No.QC2011001)

摘　　要：茶黄螨（Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks）是危害热带和亚热带地区多种作物的害虫。于2012—2013年调查云南省蒙自地区桑园内茶黄螨对桑树的危害情况，并分别采用5种药剂对茶黄螨进行田间防治试验。结果表明：茶黄螨主要在4月上旬～5月中旬和7月上旬～9月上旬2个时期危害桑树的嫩梢、嫩叶，25～30℃、相对湿度60％-80％的温暖潮湿环境适宜茶黄螨的生长发育和繁殖；同一区域不同桑品种受茶黄螨的危害程度不同，10个供试桑品种被害率最高的为云桑2号，达91．4％．而盛东1号、强桑1号和云桑4号3个桑品种全年均未出现明显被害症状；40％辛硫磷、10％溴虫腈、73％克螨特、0．5％阿维菌素、10．8％阿维·哒螨灵均对茶黄螨有杀灭作用。结合云南省的养蚕生产布局，建议在收蚁前10～15d使用73％克螨特2000倍稀释液对桑树进行喷施，同时做好桑园周围蔬菜、水果种植园内的茶黄螨防治工作；在易发生茶黄螨危害的蚕区，新建桑园可种植对茶黄螨具有较强抵抗力的桑品种。Yellow tea mite （ Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks） is a pest harmful to various crops in tropical and subtropical areas. The damage to mulberry caused by yellow tea mite was surveyed, and field control test with 5 kinds of medic- ament to yellow tea mite was conducted in mulberry gardens of Mengzi District, Yunnan Province in 2012 and 2013. The results showed that yellow tea mite damaged apical shoots and tender leaves of mulberry mainly during two periods, i.e. early April to mid-May and early July to early September. Warm and humid environment with 25 -30 ℃ and relative hu- midity 60% N80% is suitable for growth, development and reproduction of yellow tea mite. Different mulberry varieties in the same area were damaged by yellow tea mite with different degrees. Among the 10 tested mulberry varieties, damage rate of Yunsang 2 was the highest, reaching 91.4%, while Shengdong 1, Qiangsang 1 and Yunsang 4 did not appear obvious damaged symptoms all year round. 40% phoxim EC, 10% chlorfenapyr SC, 73% propargite EC, 0.5% abamectin WP, and 10.8% pyridaben EC all had a killing effect on yellow tea mite. In consideration of the practical situation of sericulture in Yunnan Province, 73% propargite EC diluted by 2 000 times was recommended to spray onto mulberry trees 10 to 15 days before rearing the newlyhatched larvae. At the same time, prevention and control of yellow tea mite should also be conducted in vegetable and fruit planting gardens around the mulberry field. In areas prone to occurrence of yellow tea mite, mulberry varieties with good resistance to yellow tea mite should be chosen for establishing new mulberry gardens.

关 键 词：桑树害虫 茶黄螨 发生时期 桑品种 化学防治 

分 类 号：S888.72[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]