柞蚕新品种金凤的选育及杂交组合金凤×抗大的选配  

Breeding of New Tussah Silkworm Variety Jinfeng and Preparation of Hybrid Combination Jinfeng × Kangda

作　　者：王凤成[1] 陈凤林[1] 仝振祥[1] 冀万杰[1] 闫东[1] 魏庆国[1] 张博[1] 张禹[1] 吕明涛[1] 高英利[1] 张清媛[1] 白凤学[1] 左奎宴[1] 孙勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省蚕业科学研究所,辽宁凤城118100

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2013年第6期1108-1114,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：辽宁省十一五重大科技攻关项目(No.2008202006);农业部行业专项(No.3-34-7);现代农业产业技术体系专项(No.CARS-22)

摘　　要：以选育抗逆性强、优质、高产并具有明显形态标记的柞蚕新品种为目标,选择青黄蚕品种H8701、404和黄蚕品种方山黄为亲本材料,采用杂交及系统选育技术,经10年19代育成了柞蚕新品种金凤,并与抗病品种抗大组配成优良杂交组合金凤×抗大。新品种金凤属中熟性,幼虫体色呈黄色,且具有成虫前翅前缘脉呈黑紫色的形态标记;全龄经过时间54 d 12 h,千粒茧质量9.35 kg,茧层率11.45%,茧丝长1 090.41 m,鲜茧出丝率8.51%,较对照品种方山黄增产10%以上,并具有耐高温和抗病能力较强的特性。金凤×抗大为中熟性异血统杂交组合,杂种优势明显,与对照杂交组合8821×抗大比较,千克卵收茧粒数增加14%以上,死笼率降低2.65个百分点,优茧率提高3.21个百分点,对柞蚕核型多角体病毒(ApNPV)和柞蚕链球菌的感染抵抗力较强(病原对蚁蚕的半数致死浓度LC50提高2倍以上)。新品种的抗逆能力和丰产性能好,其杂交组合适于北纬43°以南的柞蚕二化性蚕区放养。Aiming to breed new tussah silkworm variety that possesses high quality, high productivity and high stress re- sistance with obvious morphological marker, tussah silkworm varieties H8701 and 404 whose larvae are of bluish yellow color and Fangshanhuang whose larvae are of yellow color were selected as parent materials. After 10 years and 19 generations of cross-breeding and systematic selection, a new silkworm variety Jinfeng was obtained which was then crossed with Kangda, a disease-resistant variety, to prepare hybrid combination Jinfeng x Kangda with excellent performance. The new variety Jinfeng is of moderate maturity. Its larvae are of yellow color. Moreover, its moths have blackish-purple nervure at front edge of fore-wing, which is a good morphological marker of the variety. Its whole larval duration is 54 d 12 h. Weight of 1 000 cocoons is 9.35 kg. Cocoon shell rate is 11.45%. Length of total cocoon filament is 1 090.41 m. Raw silk rate of fresh cocoons is 8.51%. Compared with the control variety Fangshanhuang, productivity of the new variety was increased by over 10%, and its resistance to high temperature and various diseases was also higher. As a hybrid combination between different blood lineages, Jinfeng x Kangda is of out- standing heterosis with moderate maturity. Compared with the control hybrid combination 8821 x Kangda, number of cocoons harvested from 1 000 gram eggs was increased by over 14%, dead worm cocoon rate was reduced by 2. 65 percentage points, excellent cocoon rate was increased by 3.21 percentage points, and the resistance to Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus （ApNPV） and Streptococcus pernyi sp. Nov infections was also higher （LC;o values of the pathogens to newly hatched larvae were increased by over 2 times）. The new variety has greater stress resistance and higher productivity, and its hybrid combination is suitable for bivoltine silkworm rearing area at the south of 43 north latitude of China.

关 键 词：柞蚕品种 金凤 金凤×抗大 杂交育种 形态标记 抗逆性 优质高产 

分 类 号：S885.1[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]