试论新疆绿洲农业生态经济系统的多熟、集约、高效种植  

Multi-mature,Intensive and High Efficient Plantation of Agricultural Eco-economic System in Oases in Xinjiang

作　　者：夏爱林[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料研究所

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》1991年第1期24-29,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

摘　　要：实行多熟、集约、高效种植能全面调动绿洲生态经济系统的潜在农田生产力。对实现更高层次的农田生态平衡具有重要意义。新疆地区热量充裕,日照丰富。大部分农区>10℃年积温为3000-4500℃,最高达5500℃。无霜冻期140-220天,最高为250天。太阳辐射的年总和为120-155千卡/厘米~2。日照时数为2600-3000小时,全年日照百分率为60-80%。农业灌溉水源充足、稳定、季节分配合理。当前本区以多熟、集约、高效种植为特征的模式发展很快。今后只要因地制宜、严格地域性,坚持试验、示范、推广三结合,兼顾经济、生态、社会效益,根据生态类型、经济发展和市场需要合理安排,总结经验,不断提高,新疆地区多熟、集约、高效种植,不仅将会有新的发展,而且将为充分利用当地光热水土资源,创造农业生态系统的良性循环发挥出更大的作用。Practising the multi-mature,intensive and high efficient plantation can explore thegreat potential of farmland productivity in oasis eco-economical system,holding great sig-nificance in achieving farmland ecological balance.Nature is generous in giving Xin jiangareas plenty of heat and more sunshine.In most of agricultural areas,the annual accumu-lated temperature over or equal to 10℃ is 3000-4500℃ with the highest,reaching 5500℃.The frost-free period is 140-220 days,and the highest is 250 days.Total annual solar radia-tion is 120-155 Kcal/cm^2.Sunshine is 2600-3000 hours.The percentage of sunshine in thewhole year is 60-80%.Also,there is plenty of stable water resources with even seasonal dis-tribution for agricultural irrigation.Largely owing to the above mentioned favourable ad-vantages,the planting patterns characterized with multiple maturity,intensive and high ef-ficiency is developing fast in this region.In the future,three combinations of experiments,demonstration and extension should be insisted on,in close connection with economic re-turns and eclolgical and social benefits strictly according to local conditions.Based onecological types,economical development,rational arrangement for market demands andcontinuously summing up experience for further improvement,the multi-mature,intensive,and high efficient plantation in Xin jiang areas not only has a new development but alsomakes full use of local light,heat and water resources to play an important part in creatingthe good cycle of ecosystem.

关 键 词：农业生态 绿洲 多熟 种植 新疆 

分 类 号：S344.3[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]