不同放牧率对小叶章形态特征和各组分生物量的影响  

Influence of Stocking Rates on Morphological Characteristics and Biomass of Deyeuxia angustifolia

作　　者：张婷[1] 翁月[1] 史印涛 崔国文[1] 胡国富[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2013年第6期86-91,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置"(200903060)

摘　　要：将试验区设置为3个放牧强度,即轻牧区（0.99AU/hm2·month,LG）、中牧区（1.65AU/hm2·month,MG）、重牧区（2.30AU/hm2·month,HG）和对照区（0AU/hm2·month,CK）,测定不同放牧强度下小叶章的形态特征和各组分生物量的变化.结果表明：放牧使小叶章垂直高度和节间数减少,叶片数增加;中度、重度放牧下叶片数和节间数变化明显,轻度放牧影响不大.在放牧初期（6月份）,重牧区的茎叶比显著高于其他小区（P＜0.05）,7～8月份茎叶比以中牧区为最高,对照区最低.放牧主要影响土壤表层0～10cm根系,并使其不同程度减少,以重度放牧下根系生物量减少最多,轻度放牧有利于保持较高的活根率.Four grazing districts：lightly grazed（0.99 AU/hm2 · month,LG）,moderately grazed（1.65AU/hm2 · month,MG）,heavily grazed（2.30 AU/hm2 · month,HG）and no grazed（0 AU/hm2 · month,CK） were set on Deyeuxia angustifolia meadow in northeast Sanjiang Plain,the morphological characteristics and biomass of Deyeuxia angustifolia under different grazing intensity were studied.The results showed that：（1） Grazing reduced the vertical height and node number and increased leaf laminas of Deyeuxia angustifolia; leaf number increased significantly while node number decreased significantly under moderate and heavy grazing,but light grazing showed less influence.（2） At the beginning of grazing the stem-leaf ratio under heavy grazing was significantly higher than other district（P＜0.05）,and in July to August the stem-leaf ratio under moderate grazing was the greatest while that under no grazed was the least.（3） Grazing mainly affected soil surface （0～10cm） roots,and the roots number decreased in different level,the root number under heavy grazing reduced the most; lightly grazing（0.99 AU/hm2 · month） was good for maintaining high living root rate.

关 键 词：三江平原 小叶章草甸 放牧强度 形态特征 生物量 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]