反应堆堆厅放射性核素泄漏率试验  

Leakage rates of radioactive nuclides in a reactor hall

作　　者：陈迎锋[1,2] 王建龙[1] 林晓玲[2] 卢新城[2] 杨永新[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院 [2]92609部队

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第9期1300-1304,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(59978020)

摘　　要：反应堆发生核事故时,放射性核素传输和扩散是影响事故辐射后果评价的重要因素。该文采用压力衰减法和气体示踪法2种实验手段对压水堆反应堆堆厅密封性能和核事故情况下堆厅的泄漏率进行了模拟试验研究。研究结果表明:在核事故后0.5h之内,反应堆堆厅内的放射性核素即可扩散到其他辅助厂房内,事故后0.5h内泄漏量占总释放量的50%以上;反应堆堆厅内的压力是影响泄漏率的重要因素,当压力为1.5MPa时,事故后0.5h之内,反应堆堆厅平均泄漏率可达6.04%;对于反应堆堆厅的泄漏率的检测,气体示踪实验是一种非常有效的方法。The transport and diffusion of radioactive nuclides is an important factor for evaluating the radiation consequences of a nuclear accident. The sealing and leakage rates of radioactive nuclides in a reactor hall were studied by simulation experiments using ga^tracing and pressure-attenuation. The results show that after a nuclear accident, the radioactive nuclides in the reactor hall can spread to other parts of the plants within 0.5 h and the leakage rate is more than 50%. The pressure in the reactor hall significantly influences the leakage rate. At a pressure of 1.5 MPa, tlae average leakage rate could reach 6.04% within 0.5 h. The gas tracer method is effective for monitoring leakage rates.

关 键 词：核事故 堆厅 放射性核素 泄漏率 

分 类 号：TL364.4[核科学技术—核技术及应用]