安全依恋的概念、机制与功能  

Concept,Mechanism and Function of Attachment Security

作　　者：李彩娜[1] 石鑫欣 黄凤[1] 马婧[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院现代教学技术教育部重点实验室,西安710062 [2]石河子大学师范学院心理系,石河子832000

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第6期30-37,共8页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究一般项目(11YJC190012);中央高校基本科研业务费2010年度专项资金项目(10SZZD05)

摘　　要：依恋不仅对个体早期的适应和生存具有重要的进化论意义,成人阶段的安全依恋也被认为是一种能够有效缓解威胁、促进安全体验的积极特质(或状态)。从激活和动态变化的角度观察,成人的依恋系统存在循环反馈的三个功能模块,有着不同的应对策略和评估监控方式。独特的社会经历逐渐将个体的依恋系统塑造成为稳定的特质性依恋风格,但一般性的安全依恋启动在特定条件下仍然存在。在心理表征层次,安全依恋的内在机制被认为是以安全基地图式为构成要素的内部工作模型。在对个体的情绪调节、自我-他人认知、亲社会行为和人际信任、与群体关系等方面,安全依恋均能显著促进个体的积极适应,产生了拓延建构环效应。Attaehment plays an important role in individual＇s survival and adaptation from the evolution perspective. Ac- cording to the Dynamics and Functional Model of Attachment System, researchers have demonstrated that attachment prim- ing is meaningful to the adaptation of individual＇s development. Based on the discrimination between trait attachment and se- curity attachment priming, this paper discusses the under-mechanism of attachment, namely, the internal working model and secure-base script. Previous researches proved that secure attachment, including secure attachment style and security attach- ment priming, owns a series of positive effects which were conceptualized as the Broaden-and-Build Cycle of Attachment Se- curity. The positive effects of secure attachment and secure attachment priming were manifested in the following aspects.. （i） more competence in emotion regulation~ （ii） positive opinion of self and others; （iii） more pro-social behavior and trust~ and （iv） less bias towards out-group members.

关 键 词：依恋理论 安全依恋 安全依恋启动 安全基地图式 安全依恋的拓延建构环 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]