建筑物结构对城区洪水演进影响的数值研究  被引量:3

Numerical study of effects of building structures on the propagation of floods in urban layouts

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作  者:吴建松[1] 张辉[1] 杨锐[1] 

机构地区:[1]清华大学工程物理系,公共安全研究院,北京100084

出  处:《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2013年第10期1397-1401,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基  金:国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB719705);国家自然科学基金资助项目(70833003;91024032)

摘  要:受复杂街区影响的城区洪水水流会呈现复杂的3维特征,从而导致基于浅水波方程的2维简化数值模型存在较大计算误差。该文利用无网Lagrange光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)方法来构建城区洪水的计算模型。该计算模型呈现了较合理的3维水流特征,如水跃、水波涡旋、水流间断等。利用该模型分析探讨了3种结构不同的建筑底层对洪水演进的影响。结果表明:底层中空的建筑对洪水的阻力最小,大部分洪水水流会穿过中空底层;独立建筑实体底层地基对洪水水流阻力最大,同时受到的冲击力也最大,可以反射回大部分的水流。Extremely intricate city layouts can induce complex three dimensional features during flood in urban areas, which will strongly affect the prediction of simplified two dimensional numerical models based on the shallow water equations. A mesh free and Lagrangian smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used to simulate a flood through city layouts in this study. The model reasonably well identifies the three dimensional flow features, such as hydraulic jumps, wave vortices and flow discontinuities. The effects of three different building foundation structures on the water flow are examined with the conclusions that buildings with free space foundations provide the least resistance to the approaching flow, allowing most of flow to easily pass through the free space foundation, while buildings with fully solid foundations exert the most resistance on the approaching flow and bear the strongest impact force of the flow since the buildings deflect most of the flow.

关 键 词:城区洪水 建筑结构 光滑粒子流体动力学 图形处理单位(GPU) 

分 类 号:TV87[水利工程—水利水电工程] O352[理学—流体力学]

 

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