水下连续脉冲冲击波的声学特性  

Acoustic characteristics of underwater continuous pulse shock wave

作　　者：范志强[1] 马宏昊[1] 沈兆武[1] 蒋耀港[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学近代力学系,安徽合肥230027

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2013年第5期501-506,共6页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51134012;51174183)~~

摘　　要：为探求金属爆炸索在水下爆炸声源研究领域的应用前景,设计了一种可以连续产生若干个脉冲冲击波的装置,称之为水下连续脉冲冲击波发生装置。利用小波分析对该装置产生的连续脉冲冲击波信号进行分解与重构,考察其频谱特性,并进一步分析了信号的声压级特性。结果表明:该装置产生的信号声压级较高,具有很强的声功率;信号包含频率十分丰富,雷管和金属爆炸索由于装药结构及传爆方式的不同,爆炸所产生的冲击波频谱特性也有所差异。雷管爆炸产生的冲击波主要分布在15.6kHz以下的频带内,金属爆炸索爆炸产生的脉冲冲击波信号则主要分布在62.5kHz以下的频带内;脉冲冲击波的个数和声持续时间可由爆炸索的排列方式和长度控制,脉冲冲击波间的时间间隔可调,发生装置稳定易控。With a view to obtaining the application prospect of metal-sheathed detonating cords in the research of underwater sound sources, an experimental apparatus called underwater continuous pulse wave generator, which can orderly generate a series of shock waves, is designed. On the basis of wavelet analysis, the signal decomposition and reconstruction is implemented to investigate the fre- quency spectrum characteristics of the signals. Likewise, the sound pressure level of the underwater continuous pulse shock wave is analyzed. Results indicate that the acoustic signal generated by this device has strong acoustic power and high sound pressure level. The frequency contained in the signal is abundant, and the shock waves generated by the detonator and the detonating cord show different frequency spectrum characteristics by the reason of different charge structures and explosion propaga- tion styles. The shock wave generated by the detonator is mainly concentrated in the frequency band of less than 15.6 kHz, and the signal produced by the detonating cord is mainly distributed in the fre- quency band which is below 62.5 kHz. The pulse shock wave count and acoustic duration of the signal can be controlled by the permutation style and the length of the detonating cord, and the time interval between two adjacent pulse waves is adjustable. The generator is stable and controllable.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 声学特性 小波分析 脉冲冲击波 金属爆炸索 水下声源 频率 

分 类 号：O382.1[理学—流体力学]