城市蔓延语境下新城市主义社区理论在中国的应用研究  

The Research about New Urbanism Community Theory in Chinese Application for Urban Sprawl

作　　者：张衔春[1] 牛煜虹[1] 龙迪[2] 胡国华[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院 [2]东南大学建筑学院 [3]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2013年第12期22-29,共8页Modern Urban Research

摘　　要：新城市主义从城市设计角度,通过社区活力更新力图抑制城市蔓延。近些年,我国滥用新城市主义理论、机械照搬国外经验的现象屡见不鲜。本文在系统梳理新城市主义根源与精神内涵的基础上,强调现阶段我国新城市主义实践背景与西方国家内在差异,包括城市蔓延动因、社区紧凑度、中心与蔓延区关系、社区思想文化及交通发展阶段五方面,并针对我国践行新城市主义中出现的机械照搬设计原理、盲目复制地方文脉造成文化根基丢失、刻意模仿致宜居性丧失等问题,提出建设中国新城市主义社区的规划原则及实施途径,包括城市道路及通勤交通公正原则、社区资源共享原则、社区公共空间可达原则、环境生态的可持续原则以及社区场所文化可持续原则五项内容。The New Urbanism, which emerged in 1990s, mainly aims to revive communities and eliminate the effects of urban sprawl from the angle of community planning and design. This theory receives great success and is widely accepted. However, in China, concept confusion and mechanical copy are not rare in the application of New Urbanism in community planning and research. With a profound understanding of the origins and connotations of New Urbanism, this thesis discusses the differences between China and the Western countries, which are the motive of urban sprawl, the compactness of community, the relation between the city center and the suburb, the community culture and the stage of the development of transportation. Then, regarding the issues that emerged from mechanically copying the design principles and blindly copying the local context in China, such as the loss of cultural roots and livability caused by deliberate imitation, it proposes five planning principles and implementation approaches of how to build New Urbanism community within China, including the justice of urban roads and commuter traffic. the sharing of community resource and the accessibility of public space, environmental and ecological sustainability, community and site-cultural sustainability.

关 键 词：城市蔓延 新城市主义 社区 交通 公共服务设施 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]