北京市某区医院肾结石危险因素的病例对照研究  

Risk factors for the kidney stones : a hospital-based case-control study in a distric hospital in Beijing

作　　者：王姣[1] 罗功唐[2] 牛伟静[1] 宫曼漫[1] 刘璐[1] 周杰[1] 周雪薇[3] 何丽华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100191 [2]北京市顺义区医院泌尿外科,北京101300 [3]首都经济贸易大学环境与安全工程学院,北京100070

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2013年第6期971-974,共4页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金(2009-2107)资助~~

摘　　要：目的：探讨肾结石发病的相关因素，为提出防控措施提供理论依据。方法：本研究为基于北京市某区医院的病例对照研究，以调查时间范围内经B超、X线或静脉肾盂造影确诊为肾结石的住院患者100例作为病例组；同一调查时期，与病例同性别且年龄相差5岁以内，排除尿路结石及内分泌代谢疾病者100人作为对照组，进行1∶1配对；以自制调查问卷的方式进行面对面调查，内容涉及一般人口学特征、用水问题、膳食习惯及结构、遗传和疾病史。结果：单因素Logistic回归分析有10个变量差异有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析，最终进入模型的变量有：经常饮茶（OR=1.463，95%CI：1.033~2.071）、继往尿路结石史（OR=2.127，95%CI：1.065~90.145）、劳动强度（OR=0.622，95%CI：0.435~0.889）、常饭后饮水（OR=0.316，95%CI：0.122~0.815）、平时喜欢饮水（OR=0.232，95%CI：0.084~0.642）、多食蔬菜（OR=0.571，95%CI：0.328~0.993）。结论：经常饮茶、继往尿路结石史、脑力劳动是肾结石发病的危险因素，平时喜欢饮水、多食蔬菜是肾结石发病的保护因素。To explore the risk and protective factors of kidney calculi in order to put forward theoretical basis for preventive and control measures. Methods： A 1∶1 matched case-control study was performed using data from a hospital in Beijing. The case group included 100 inpatients who were diagnosed kidney calculi using B ultrasonic, X-ray and intravenous pyelography during the survey while other 100 urolithiasis and endocrine disease excluded inpatients who shared the same sex, within five years gap to the case group inpatients were for the control group. A face-to-face survey was conducted with selfmade questionnaires which covered demographic characteristics, water issues, dietary habits, genetic and medical history. Epidata 3.0 was used to build the database and SPSS 19.0 for the statistical analysis. Results： In the univariate Logistic regression analysis, ten variables were found showing statistical significance. For the multivariate Logistic regression analysis, variables left in the model were labor intensity （OR=0.622, 95%CI： 0.435-0.889）, preferring to drink after dinner （OR=0.316, 95%CI： 0.122-0.815）, loving drinking （OR=0.232, 95%CI： 0.084-0.642）, drinking tea regularly （OR=1.463, 95%CI： 1.033-2.071）, eating more vegetables （OR=0.571, 95%CI： 0.328-0.993）, the history of the urolithiasis （OR=2.127, 95%CI： 1.065-90.145）. Conclusion： Drinking tea regularly, urolithiasis history and brain work are the risk factors of kidney calculi while loving drin-king and eating more vegetables for the protection.

关 键 词：肾结石 病例对照研究 危险因素 

分 类 号：R692.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]