新疆第四纪孢粉组合特征及植被演替  

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF QUATERNARY SPORO-POLLEN ASSEMBLAGE AND THE VEGETATION SUCCESION IN XINJIANG

作　　者：闫顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆地理研究所

出　　处：《干旱区地理》1991年第2期1-9,共9页Arid Land Geography

摘　　要：本文根据近10年新疆第四纪孢粉工作的主要收获,总结了第四纪地层中出现的主要孢粉类型。阐明了新疆第四纪具有代表性的森林——森林草原、平原河谷林、草原、荒漠草原、荒漠和草甸等六种植被孢粉组合类型。在第四纪,新疆天山南北的主要盆地处于温带干旱,半干旱气候条件控制下,平原植物群以荒漠,荒漠草原和草原为主,并发育低地草原和平原河谷林。阿尔泰山、天山、昆仑山是干旱区中的“湿岛”,植物群以森林、草原、草甸为主。反映了新疆气候演替特点,以温暖期更加干旱而冷期相对湿润的模式,另外也存在冷暖干湿条件的多种组合。同时还对藜科和蒿属花粉在孢粉组合分类上的重要作用进行了讨论,认为在藜科和蒿属占优势的孢粉组合中,以藜科明显占优势的组合应属荒漠,而以蒿属为主或两者相近的组合应归入荒漠草原或草原。Based on the sporo-pollen works of the last 10 years in Xinjiang,main sporo-pollentypes and sporo-pollen assemblage pattern presented in the Quaternary stratum are summa-rized in this paper.There are 7 sporo-pollen types representing the Quatermaty vegetation,which are coniferous forest and forest steppe, plain valley-forest, steppe, desert-steppe,desert, subhigh mountain meadow, lowland meadow.During Quatenary period, climate isarid and semi-arid in the main basins of southern and northern Xinjiang. Vegetational formof the flatland are mainly desert, desert-steppe, steppe, lowland meadow, and a few plainvalley forest.Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain and Kunlun Mountain are 'wet island',and vegetational forms are mainly coniferous forest, steppe and meadow. Accoding to thedistributing characteristics of present-uay vegetation, the change of climate and vegetationis discussed in this paper. The paper also suggested that the flatlands vegetation are differentfrom the eastern China. It is mainly pattern that the cold period is relatively humidity andwarm period is relatively and on the flatlands and the basins. But it is not so at themountains. The coniferous forest is extensive at the mountains in the warm period ofHolocene. The importance of Goosefoot Family and Sagebrush pollen on the classification ofsporo-pollen assemblage is discussed.The sporo-pollen assemblage marked by predominantGoosefoot Family pollen represents desert, the sporo-pollen assemblage marked by predom-inant Sagebrush pollen represents desert-steppe or steppe.

关 键 词：第四纪 孢粉 植被演替 新疆 

分 类 号：Q914.663[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]