Impact of Transgenic Bt+CpTI Cotton on Soil Enzyme Activities and Soil Microorganisms  

转双价棉种植对土壤酶活性及土壤微生物的影响(英文)

作　　者：刘红梅[1] 宋晓龙[1] 皇甫超河[1] 张贵龙[1] 杨殿林[1] 赵建宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2013年第11期1610-1614,1619,共6页农业科学与技术（英文版）

摘　　要：Due to its strong and effective insecticidal properties, transgenic Bt＋CpTI cotton has witnessed an expanding planting area in recent years, and the impact of its cultivation on soil ecosystem becomes an important part of environmental risk assessment. Using transgenic Bt＋CpTI cotton sGK321 and its parental homologous conventional cotton Shiyuan 321 as the study objects, a comparative analysis was conducted on the changes in enzyme activities （urease, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase） of the rhizosphere soil and changes in the number of culturable microor-ganisms （bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes） at different growth stages （seedling stage, budding stage, flower and bol stage, and bol opening stage） of sGK321 and Shiyuan 321 under the condition of 13 years field plantings. The results showed that, the populations of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycete and the soil enzyme activi-ties of urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase had a similar variation trend along with the cotton growing process for transgenic cotton and conventional cotton. Some occasional and inconsistent effects on soil enzyme activities and soil fungi composi-tion in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic Bt＋CpTI cotton were found at the seedling stage, budding stage, flower and bol stage as compared with that of conventional cotton. The amount of bacteria and actinomycetes were not significantly different during a certain stage; however, the activities of urease, catalase, alkaline phos-phatase, also with the number of fungi were significantly different, e.g. the urease activities at seedling stage, the alkaline phosphatase at seedling and budding stages, and the soil culturable fungi at flower and bol stage were less than that of conven-tional cotton, while the soil alkaline phosphatase activities at flower and bol stage were higher. Cluster analysis showed that soil enzyme activities and microbial popu-lation changed mainly along the growth processes, suffering little from the planting of transgenic Bt＋CpTI cotton.转Bt+CpTI基因棉因其具有强有效的杀虫性能,近年来种植面积不断扩大,其种植对土壤生态系统的影响是环境风险评价的重要组成部分。本研究以转基因双抗虫棉sGK321和亲本同源常规棉石远321为研究对象,通过比较分析了不同生育期(苗期、蕾期、花铃期、吐絮期)转双价基因棉与其非转基因棉亲本在大田条件下种植13年后,根围土壤酶活性(脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶)变化和土壤可培养微生物(细菌、真菌、放线菌)数量的变化。结果表明,转双价棉与常规棉根际土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性以及土壤可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌数量随生育进程的推进变化趋势一致。土壤细菌和放线菌数量在同一时期均无显著差异;土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶和土壤真菌数量在一些时期差异明显,转双价棉脲酶苗期、碱性磷酸酶苗期和蕾期,土壤可培养真菌数量花铃期低于常规棉,土壤过氧化氢酶苗期、碱性磷酸酶花铃期高于同源常规棉。聚类分析表明,土壤酶活性和土壤微生物种群数量变化主要受生育期的影响,而转双价Bt+CpTI种植对土壤酶活性和微生物影响是有限的。

关 键 词：Transgenic Bt＋CpTI cotton Growth stage Soil enzyme activities Soil microorganisms 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]