2012年太原市5岁以下住院婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的病原学及流行特征研究  

Study on the etiologic and epidemiologic characteristics of infants with viral diarrhea under five years old in Taiyuan in 2012

作　　者：任斌知[1] 赵嵘[1] 王乃昌[1] 张凡非[1] 刘元[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省疾病预防控制中心,030012

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2013年第12期1269-1271,共3页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

基　　金：2008年度留学回国人员科技活动项目择优资助(启动类)

摘　　要：目的 对太原市5岁以下住院婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的病原微生物轮状病毒（RV）、人杯状病毒（HuCV）、人星状病毒（HAstV）和肠道腺病毒（EAdV）感染的分子流行病学进行研究,为病毒性腹泻的防治提供科学依据.方法 采集山西省儿童医院2012年5岁以下住院腹泻患儿的321份粪便样本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测A组RV抗原,巢式多重反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对RV阳性标本进行G、P分型;采用巢式RT-PCR检测HuCV和HAstV;采用PCR反应检测EAdV.结果 321份样本中4种病毒检测阳性率依次为A组RV（53.0%）、HuCV（23.4%）、AstV（7.2%）和AdV（5.3%）.对170份RV阳性样本进行G、P分型,G9型及P[8]型为优势株;13～18个月年龄段患儿中RV检出率最高（69.0%）,2012年RV发病高峰在12月、1月（76.3%）.4种病毒主要是感染2岁以下婴幼儿.结论 RV是引起婴幼儿病毒性腹泻最主要的病原,以G9、／P[8]为主要优势株,HuCV、AstV和AdV也是重要的病原,2岁以下婴幼儿为发病高危人群.Objective To study the molecular epidemiology on tile infection of rotavirus （RV）, human calicivirus （HuCV）, human astrovirus （HAstV） and enteric adenovirus （EAdV） in patients with viral diarrhea under 5 years old in Taiyuan, and to provide scientific foundations for preventing and treating the viral diarrhea. Methods Stool specimens and clinical data were collected from inpatients under 5 years old with acute diarrhea in Children＇s Hospital of Shanxi in 2012. The antigen of RV was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, further strain characteriza- tion （G/P typing） was carried out by nested multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. HuCV （including norovirus and sapovirus） and HAstV were detected by nested RT-RCR. EAdV was detected by PCR. Results RV, HuCV, HAstV and EAdV were identified in 53.0%, 23.4%, 7.2% and 5.3% in the 321 specimens, respectively. In the 170 RV-positive specimens, RV G9 was the most prevailing serotype, P [8] was the most common genotype. RV was mostly found by 69.0% in infants aged from 13 to 18 months. RV was mostly detected on December and January in 2012（76.3%）. Four kinds of above viruses mainly infected children younger than 2 years old. Conclusion RV is the major pathogen contributing to the viral diarrhea among children. The predominant RV strain circulated was G9 and P [8]. Moreover, HuCV, HAstV and EAdV should be given more attention tO infants younger than 2 years old are high- risk group to viral diarrhea.

关 键 词：腹泻 儿童 住院 病原学 流行病学 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]