跑马坪铅锌矿采空区稳定性分析及控制方法  

Stability analysis of large-scale mined-out area and its control methods in Paomaping lead-zinc deposit

作　　者：周宗红[1,2] 侯克鹏[1,2] 任凤玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学西部优势矿产资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,云南昆明650093 [3]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110004

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2013年第6期863-867,共5页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51064012;51264018)

摘　　要：为了研究复杂空区顶板岩层稳定性,确定合理的控制方法,以跑马坪铅锌矿为工程背景,进行理论分析、现场调查和室内力学试验。基于平衡拱理论,对采空区顶板临界冒落面积进行计算分析。在此基础上,采用三维有限元数值模拟方法,分析空区顶板岩层变形破坏机制,提出相应的控制方法。研究结果表明:采空区临界冒落的等价圆面积为6 191 m2,现有空区暴露面积已接近临界破坏值,必须有效控制其顶板暴露面积;空区暴露面积和跨度是影响空区顶板稳定性的主要因素,随着两者的扩大,顶板出现拉应力,导致失稳破坏;强制崩落空区周边围岩和顶板,会明显降低空区稳定性,诱发顶板岩层失稳。废石回填空区能有效控制岩层变形,有助于改善岩体应力状态和顶板稳定性。This paper investigates the roof strata stability of complicated mined-out areas and deter- mines the reasonable control methods. Taking the Paomaping Lead-zinc deposit as the engineering background, the theoretical analysis, field investigation and laboratory mechanical experiments are car- ried out. The critical collapse area of goaf roof is calculated based on the equilibrium arch theory. In view of above researches, using three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation method, the de- formation and failure mechanism of roof strata in mined-out area is analyzed and the corresponding control methods are put forward. The results show that the critical caving equivalent circular area of mined-out area is 6 191 rn2, and the existing exposed area of the mined-out area is close to the critical failure value and its exposed area should be effectively controlled. The exposed area and span of the mined-out area are the main factors affecting the roof stability. With their expansion, the tensile stress appears in the roof, resulting in unstable failure. Forced caving of roof and surrounding rock will obviously decrease the stability of mined-out area, inducing the roof strata instability. Waste rock backfilling of mined-out area can effectively control the strata deformation, improving the rock mass stress and roof stability.

关 键 词：采空区 稳定性分析 数值模拟 废石回填 覆盖岩层 

分 类 号：TD327[矿业工程—矿井建设]