军事飞行员心理创伤后应激反应与心理干预效果  

Military pilot`s post traumatic stress reaction and the effect of the psychological intervention

作　　者：王煜蕙[1] 靳同朝[1] 张志林[1] 李凯[1] 韩晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军大连疗养院,大连116013

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》1999年第4期229-233,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的　研究心理治疗干预对飞行员群体心理创伤后应激障碍及应激反应的矫治效果 ,为航空卫生保障提供依据。　方法　采用飞行人员心理健康量表 (CHI)、症状自评量表 (SCL- 90 )和心理创伤后应激症状调查表 (PTSD问卷 )对在疗养前一个月发生机毁人亡一等飞行事故部队的 44名飞行员进行评定 ,在此基础上采用认知疗法、生物反馈疗法和咨询教育法进行心理治疗干预 ,并观察和对比疗效。　结果　干预组与对照组在躯体化 (3.42 0 )、焦虑 (2 .312 )、人际敏感 (3.42 9)、抑郁(2 .0 37)等情绪应激因子上有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;症状学调查发现 :干预组应激反应症状 ,以持续的警觉性增加为主 ,与对照组比有非常显著性差异 (t=3.5 3,P<0 .0 1) ;Ridit分析显示 :不同疗法的治疗效果不同 (R=16 .43,P<0 .0 1) ,其中以认知治疗组为最好 (R=0 .35 18)。　结论　飞行员心理创伤后应激反应 ,以持续警觉性增高的临床症状及负性情绪为主 ,并与应激者的人格特征有关。应激状态下心理干预应首选认知疗法。Objective To explore the effect of the psychological intervention in post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods Symptom check list 90(SCL 90), mentle health inventory (MHI)for Chinese pilots, Cattell's16 personality factors questionaire(16PF) and Minnesotta multiphasic personality inventory(MMPI) were used to assess the mentle status of 44 pilots of a fight unit having a fatal accident one month ago (intervention group) and 38 pilots of other units (control group). Psycological intervention,including cognitive therapy, biofeed back therapy and collective education consulting were given in pilots with various stress disorders and the effects were observed. Results The scores of MHI positive factors in intervention group were significantly lower than those of control group,while scores of SCL 90 in intervention group were significantly higher than those of control group. The main symptom of PTSD in intervention group was sustained increase of vigilence level, while the main symptom in Chinese army man with PTSD was repeated recurrences of post traumatic emotion Ridid anaysis showed that cognitive therapy is the most effective way of intervention in our study. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the post traumatic stress reaction in pilots of flight unit having fatal accidents recently. The effect of psychological intervention,especially cognitive therapy is promising.

关 键 词：飞行员 应激反应 心理生理障碍 心理干预 

分 类 号：R853[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R395[医药卫生—临床医学]