广东深圳大鹏半岛海岸地貌特征  

Features of Coastal Landforms in Dapeng Peninsula of Shenzhen, China

作　　者：张崧 孙现领 王为[2] 黄日辉[2] 赖宜迅 刘韫[2] 朱雷[2] 宋婷[2] 金杏杏 张欢欢[2] 田雪莲[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大鹏半岛国家地质公园管理处,广东深圳518121 [2]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510631

出　　处：《热带地理》2013年第6期647-658,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：深圳大鹏半岛国家地质公园管理处海岸环境及其演化项目(340775)

摘　　要：大鹏半岛位于广东省深圳市东部,海岸地貌类型多样,可分为基岩海岸、堆积海岸和生物海岸3大类型。文章根据野外调查和室内实验分析的结果论述了大鹏半岛海岸地貌类型、分布和成因,并在前人的研究基础上讨论了大鹏半岛海岸地貌演化过程:由于大鹏半岛处在构造隆升区,海岸类型以基岩海岸为主。多处基岩海岸保留了完好的海蚀崖、海蚀平台、海蚀槽穴、海蚀柱等各类典型的海蚀地貌。该半岛的堆积海岸主要发育于岩石岬角间的海湾内,在有河流流入的海湾处形成岬湾沙坝―澙湖海岸,在无河流的海岸处则形成湾顶海滩。半岛中段狭窄的呈哑铃状腰部的东岸,因深入内凹、波浪减弱,有淤泥质海岸发育;红树林发育于淤泥质海岸以及各澙湖内,而半岛周边浅海区有珊瑚群落生长。大鹏半岛以及邻近地区海岸地貌特征和海岸沉积物年代数据显示:1)地质构造与海平面升降是塑造该半岛海岸地貌的主要因素;2)该半岛的海岸地貌是在中全新世早期以后才开始发育的;3)该半岛全新世以来不存在强烈的地壳抬升;4)该半岛海岸中全新世出现过高于现代海平面的高海面。The Dapeng Peninsula is located in the eastern part of Shenzhen, Guangdong. The peninsula has a wide variety of different coastal landforms. In this paper, the basic features of the coastal landforms of the Dapeng Peninsula are discussed. The results of field investigations and laboratory experiments show that the peninsula’s coastal landforms can be classified into three groups：rocky coasts, depositional coasts, and biological coasts. As lying in a fault uplift zone, the rocky coasts occupy most of the coastal line of Dapeng Peninsula. Typical costal erosion landforms such as sea cliffs, wave cut benches, sea caves, sea arches and sea stacks can always be found on the coasts. Depositional coasts of the peninsula develop in bays between rocky headlands. Generally, a barrier-lagoon system is formed in the bay which is deeply embayed with a stream flowing in. In the bay without streams, a bay head beach develops. The middle of the peninsula is narrow and shaped somewhat like a dumbbell, and muddy beaches are formed in its eastern coast because the coastline concaves deeply landwards providing shelter from wave attacks. Mangroves grow in the muddy beaches, as well as the lagoons. Coral reefs are found in the shallow water areas around the coasts of the peninsula. According to the field evidences and the dating of the sediments of the Dapeng Peninsula and its surrounding areas cited from the previous studies, the main important factors controlling the development of the peninsula’s coastal landforms were geological structures and sea-level changes during Holocene;The peninsula’s coastal landforms began to develop after middle Holocene;no strong structural uplift had happened in the areas of the peninsula since middle Holocene; The sea level had a higher standing after the middle Holocene on the coasts of the Dapeng peninsula.

关 键 词：海岸地貌 基本特征 全新世高海面 大鹏半岛 

分 类 号：P737.1[天文地球—海洋地质]