广东省7～18岁儿童青少年生长发育长期趋势分析  

Secular Growth Trends in Children and Adolescents Aged 7 to 18 Years Old in Guangdong Province

作　　者：蔡秋茂[1,2] 聂少萍[1] 许燕君[1] 许晓君[1] 沈少君[1] 麦哲恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》2013年第6期960-965,共6页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]研究广东省儿童青少年生长发育的长期变化趋势,进一步改善学生的体质状况.[方法]利用广东省2010、2000、1991年学生体质调查数据,分析7～18岁儿童青少年体质量、身高、体质量指数、胸围变化趋势.[结果]1991年、2000年、2010年分别调查11515人、7200人、14230人.1991-2010年20年间广东省7～18岁城市男女生身高平均增幅分别为3.0 cm和2.4 cm,农村男女生平均增幅分别为4.9 cm和3.9 cm; 2000-2010年,城市男女生身高增幅分别为1.9 cm和1.1 cm,农村男女生平均身高增幅分别为5.0 cm和3.8 cm.20年间城市7～ 18岁男生和女生平均体质量增长4.5 kg和3.0kg,农村男女生分别增长了3.8 kg、2.1 kg,增幅最大的是10～12岁学生.1991-2000年间13 ～18岁学生胸围出现负增长,平均减少1.9 cm,18岁农村男生、女生胸围分别减少了3.1 cm和3.2 cm.1991年城市男女生肥胖率分别为0.6％、0.3％,2010年上升到7.4％和3.7％.[结论]广东省青少年生长发育表现为正向发育的趋势,增高增重趋势主要发生在近10年,城市学生超重和肥胖呈现明显增长趋势,胸围负增长与身高发育不协调.[Objective] To study the secular growth trends in children and adolescents in Guangdong Province,in order to further improve their physical fitness and health.[Methods] Subjects were children and adolescents aged 7 to 18.Their tendencies of weight,stature,BMI and chest circumference were analyzed by using the Students＇ Physique Data of Guangdong Province in 2010,2000,and 1991.[Results] 11515 students were surveyed in 1991,while 7200 students in 2000,and 14230 students in 2010.During the period of 1991-2010 in Guangdong Province,the overall increments were 3.0 cm and 2.4 cm for stature in urban areas,and 4.9 cm and 3.9 cm in rural areas,for boys and girls,respectively.Significant difference rates were found in the period of 2000-2010,with the increments which were only 1.9 cm and 1.1 cm/decade for height in urban areas while 5.0 cm and 3.8 cm/decade in rural areas,for boys and girls,respectively.When it comes to weight,the overall increments were 4.5 kg and 3.0 kg in urban,while the rates were 3.8 kg and 2.1 kg in rural,for 7-18 years old boys and girls,respectively.In addition,the largest increase was shown in the 10 to 12-year-old students.For 13-18 years old students,the chest circumference represents a negative growth during the decade of 1991-2000,reduced by an average of 1.9 cm.Precisely,the chest circumference underwent a decrease tendency for 18-year-old rural boys and girls respectively,with reducing by 3.1cm and 3.2 cm.In 1991,urban obesity rates of boys and girls were 0.6% and 0.3%,respectively,rising to 7.4% and 3.7% in 2010.[Conclusion] Children and adolescents of Guangdong Province was experiencing positive secular growth,dramatic changes of height and weight in the past 10 years,which was reflected not only by rapid growth trend of students＇ overweight and obesity,but also by the chest circumference negative growth and height growth uncoordinated.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 生长发育 长期趋势 广东省 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]