叠前地震反演关键技术及影响因素分析与研究  

The analysis on the key techniques and influence factors of prestack seismic inversion

作　　者：殷文[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省东营职业学院,东营257091

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2013年第6期2958-2968,共11页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家863高科技发展计划资助项目(2007AA09Z323-2)

摘　　要：叠前地震反演是一项综合运用多种类型资料反演多种具有关联性参数的复杂反演方法.基础资料和反演过程中的技术环节会直接影响和制约反演处理成果的可靠性和精度.通过控制反演处理过程中的不同技术环节和参数,分析不同参数和技术变化对叠前地震反演结果的影响.本文通过对理论模型进行叠前地震反演,分别对叠前偏移精确速度成像、叠前道集校平和叠加角度范围选择等影响因素以及地震标定、子波计算、低频信息补偿以及反演成果分析等关键技术对反演的影响程度进行了深入分析,所得到认识有利于指导实际应用,改善叠前反演的效果.最后,通过对各种因素和关键技术进行分析,总结并得出了与实际应用相关的一些结论和认识,为预测储层和油气层分布以及更可靠地揭示地下储层物性的展布提供了有效的技术支持.Prestack seismic inversion is the complex method which is a combination of various types of information and get a variety of associated parameters. Basic data and technical links in the process of inversion could influence and constrain directly reliability and accuracy of inversion processing result. By controlling the different technical links and correlative parameters of inversion process, we analyze different parameter and technological change on the result of prestack seismic inversion result influence. Based on the theoretical model for prestack seismic inversion, we respectively make in-depth analysis on influence degree for inversion with influence factors, such as prestack migration precise velocity imaging, prestack gather correcting, the selection of stack-angle range, etc, and key technique, such as seismic calibration, wavelet computation, compensation of low-frequency information, analysis of inversion result, etc. Thus, cognition acquired is advantage to guide practical application and improve the effect of prestack inversion. Finally, by analyzing all kinds of factors and key technologies, some conclusions and cognition related with practical application are summarized and obtained, which support effective technical support for the forecast of reservoir and oil-gas distribution, even reveal underground reservoir distribution more reliably.

关 键 词：叠前反演 技术环节 影响因素 反演效果 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]