5个代表性柑桔栽培品种的落花落果规律调查  

Characteristics of Flower and Young Fruit Drop in Five Typical Citrus Varieties

作　　者：王男麒[1,2] 彭良志[1] 冉渝[1] 邢飞[2] 黄翼[2] 周薇[2] 唐玉琴[2] 吴玉婷[2] 刁莉华[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家柑桔工程技术研究中心/中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,重庆400712 [2]西南大学园艺园林学院

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2013年第6期1-4,共4页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家现代农业(柑桔)产业技术体系建设专项资助

摘　　要：以立地条件相同的成年纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑、沙田柚、尤力克柠檬和罗纹(圆金柑)为材料,探索其花果脱落规律。结果表明,最终着果率与总花蕾量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);平均单株花果脱落总数量从多到少依次为兴津温州蜜柑>纽荷尔脐橙>沙田柚>圆金柑>尤力克柠檬;平均单株花果脱落总干重从多到少依次为兴津温州蜜柑>纽荷尔脐橙>沙田柚>尤力克柠檬>圆金柑;纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑和沙田柚第一次生理落果数量大于第二次生理落果,尤力克柠檬和圆金柑第二次生理落果数量大于第一次生理落果。因此,纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑和沙田柚应重点防止第一次生理落果,尤力克柠檬和圆金柑应重点防止第二次生理落果。Characteristics of flower and young fruit drop in 5 typical citrus varieties, Newhall navel orange （Citrus sinensis ） , Oki tsu Wase satsuma （ C. unshiu ） , Shatian pumelo （ C. grandis ） , Eureka lemon （C. lirnon） and Round kumquat （Fortunella japonica ） were investigated in 2012. Results showed that the final fruit set ratios were significantly negative correlated with the total number of flower buds （P 〉 0. 01）. The order of total number of dropped flower buds, dropped flowers and dropped fruits was Okitsu Wase satsuma ~ Newhall navel orange 〉 Shatian pumelo 〉 Round kumquat 〉 Eureka lemon,while the order of total dry weights of those dropped organs was Okitsu Wase satsuma 〉 Newhall navel orange ~ Shatian pumelo 〉 Eureka lemon 〉 Round kumquat. For Newhall navel orange, Okitsu Wase satsuma and Shatian pumelo, the number of fruits dropped during the first physiological drop （FPD） was greater than those during the second physiological drop （SPD）,while Eureka lemon and Round kumquat were in the contrary. Therefore, for Newhall navel orange and Okitsu Wase satsuma, it is necessary to control excessive flower. Furthermore, it is important to reduce FPD for Newhall navel orange, Okitsu Wase satsuma and Shatian pumelo, and prevent SPD for Eureka lemon and Round kumquat.

关 键 词：柑桔 落蕾 落花 落果 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]