香草兰花粉保存与种间杂交育种初步研究  

Interspecific Hybridization Breeding of Vanilla

作　　者：顾文亮[1,2,3] 吴刚[1,2,3] 朱自慧[1,2,3] 王辉[1,2,3] 赵秋芳[1,2,3] 陈娅萍[1] 宋应辉[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所海南万宁571533 [2]农业部香辛饮料作物遗传资源利用重点实验室,海南万宁571533 [3]海南省热带香辛饮料作物遗传改良与品质调控重点实验室,海南万宁571533

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2013年第12期2313-2319,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：热带作物种质资源保护项目“热带香辛饮料作物种质资源保护”(No.13RZZY-24)

摘　　要：利用大花香草兰、帝皇香草兰与墨西哥香草兰进行种间杂交育种,以期改变目前生产上香草兰品种单一的局面。对香草兰花粉的保存方法进行研究,同时以人工授粉进行3个种间的正反交,统计杂交组合的结实率并观测杂交果荚的生长发育。结果表明,香草兰花粉适宜用花粉粒离体方式在4℃低温中保存50 d;6种香草兰杂交组合的平均结实率为78%,共得到31个的杂交果荚;6种香草兰杂交果荚的生长发育有一定差异,其形状与母本自交果荚类似;部分杂交果荚的长度和宽度与母本自交果荚有显著差异。香草兰杂交果荚内含有数量庞大的杂交种子,是潜在的香草兰育种新种质。In order to change the situation of one single cultivar in current vanilla production,three species （Vanilla pompona Schiede,Vanilla imperialis and Vanilla planifolia Andrews） were used for vanilla interspecific hybridization breeding.Multiple vanilla pollen preservation methods were studied and artificial pollination was used for reciprocal hybridization crosses between three species.Then the fruiting rates of the six hybridization crosses were calculated and the growth development of each hybrid fruit pod was observed.The results showed that vanilla pollen was suitable for isolated preservation at 4 ℃ for50 d; the average fruiting rate of the six hybridization crosses was 78％ and the total 31 hybrid fruit pods were obtained; the growth development of the six hybridization crosses had certain difference and the shape of hybrid fruit pod was similar to its＇ female parent pod; some hybrid fruit pods had significant differences to its female parent pod in length and width.vanilla hybrid fruit pod contained a huge number of hybrid seeds which could be the potential new germplasm in vanilla breeding.

关 键 词：大花香草兰 帝皇香草兰 墨西哥香草兰 花粉保存 种间杂交 

分 类 号：S59[农业科学—作物学]