主要营养物对AP番荔枝修剪开花的影响  

Effects of Main Nutrients on the Branching and Flowering After Pruning in Africa Prided(Annona × atemoya Mabb.)

作　　者：邓穗生[1] 高爱平[1] 陈业渊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 农业部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点开放实验室,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2013年第12期2342-2347,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：农业野生植物资源保护利用技术研究与示范项目(No.201003021)

摘　　要：为研究主要营养物含量对AP番荔枝修剪后新梢萌发生长及开花的影响,检测了不同长度处理的枝条内淀粉、糖类以及矿质元素的含量及其分布变化。结果表明:N和水溶性蛋白的含量随枝条长度的增加而增加,且在不同处理的枝条中含量差异显著,处理1的含量显著低于全枝条平均水平;淀粉、可溶性总糖、还原糖、蔗糖和除N以外大量矿质元素的含量差异均不显著;在20 cm的短枝条中,C/N及P/N等比值有最大值,并极显著大于60 cm的长枝和全枝条的平均水平。调查结果显示,不同的修剪处理对新梢萌发生长的影响差异不显著,而20 cm的短枝条的带花率却极显著高于60 cm的长枝条。主要营养物含量虽对新梢的萌发生长无明显影响,但淀粉含量、C/N及P/N等却对提高新梢带花的影响达极显著水平。因此,AP番荔枝的修剪以20 cm左右为佳。此外,韧皮部是淀粉、可溶性总糖、N以及可溶性蛋白等主要营养物的贮存库,其中含量分别比木质部高3.8、2.4、1.3和3.2倍左右,而韧皮部中P的含量与木质部相同。In order to investigate the effects of nutrition content on the branching and flowering after pruning in Africa Pride （Annona × atemoya Mabberley）,we assayed the content and distribution of starch,sugar,and mineral substances in the branches.The results showed that in different length of branches,the contents of nitrogen and soluble proteins were significantly different,both of which were significantly less in the lower part than those in the upper part of branches; The contents of starch,total soluble sugar,reducing sugar,cane sugar and mass elements were not different significantly.The ratio of carbon or phosphorus and nitrogen in lower part of branches was maximum,both of which were significantly greater in the lower part than that in the upper part of branches.In addition,the number of branching from pruned branches of different length was not significantly different from each other,but there was extremely significant difference in the number of flowers between the short and long branches,with more flowers in the short branches.The results revealed that the main nutrients did not affect the branching,but the content of starch,the ratio of carbon or phosphorus and nitrogen had significant effects on the flowering process.We also found that most of the starch,sugar,nitrogen and soluble proteins existed in the phloem,with 3.8,2.4,1.3 and 3.2 times more than those in xylem,while the content of phosphorus was similar in both phloem and xylem.

关 键 词：AP番荔枝 养分 含量 修剪 开花 影响 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]