土壤呼吸组分分离技术研究进展  

Progress on techniques for partitioning soil respiration components and their application in cropland ecosystem

作　　者：陈敏鹏[1,2] 夏旭[1,2] 李银坤[1,2] 梅旭荣[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]农业部农业环境重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第22期7067-7077,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973项目)资助项目(2012CB955904);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2013BAD11B03);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71103186);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(BSRF201003)

摘　　要：分离土壤呼吸组分是理解陆地生态系统碳循环的重要步骤,研究农田生态系统土壤呼吸组分的呼吸过程和机理对促进农业温室气体减排和碳汇增加、气候变化适应、保障粮食安全以及推动农业可持续发展都具有积极意义。综述了近年来土壤呼吸组分分离的理论依据、主要技术及分类,系统比较了现有技术的优势、劣势和应用领域,并总结了土壤呼吸组分分离技术在国内外农田生态系统中的应用情况。由于多数分离技术在森林生态系统的相关研究中发展而来,它们在农田生态系统的应用十分有限,目前应用以同位素法、根分离法和回归法为主。由于土壤呼吸理论划分和分离方法的差异,不同研究结果之间往往难以比较。分离技术的发展有赖于土壤呼吸源分离理论的进一步发展,未来土壤呼吸组分分离研究的主要方向在于:(1)利用现有观测技术促进组分集成分析法和根分离法在农田生态系统中的应用,强化土壤呼吸组分和环境因子的同步观测,准确评估农田碳收支;(2)利用定位观测数据开展大尺度模型研究,改进和重构现有全球碳模型的碳氮过程,并在其中考虑重要的土壤呼吸过程;(3)利用FACE试验评估气候变化对土壤呼吸组分的影响和土壤-植物碳循环的适应机制;(4)分析呼吸组分与植物-土壤-养分的交互作用,评估农田管理措施的综合影响。Partitioning soil respiration components is a very important step before we understand the carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystem. Studies on processes and mechanisms between different soil respiration components in cropland ecosystem will help to promote greenhouse gases mitigation, carbon sequestration and storage, climate change adaptation, food security and sustainable development of agriculture. In this context, this paper reviews theoretical and technical development of soil respiration component partitioning in recent decades, including the theoretical premises, the development and classification of partitioning techniques. This paper also compares the advantages and disadvantages of most partitioning techniques, analyzes their applicability for different systems, and summarizes the application of current soil respiration partitioning techniques in cropland ecosystem in China as well as in world. Generally speaking, since most soil respiration partitioning techniques are developed in the studies of forest ecosystem, they are not suitable for cropland ecosystem. Presently, isotope methods, root excised method and regression method are major applied techniques of soil respiration partitioning in cropland ecosystem. Due to the differences in theoretical premises and techniques choices for soilrespiration partitioning, results from different researches are difficult to compare. Further development of partitioning techniques relies on the breakthrough of soil respiration partitioning theories and future breakthroughs in the researches related to soil respiration partitioning will lie in the following aspects ： （ 1 ） Component integration methods and root excised method will be improved to better apply in cropland ecosystem by making best of present soil respiration monitoring technologies and systems. The simultaneously monitoring of soil respiration components and environmental factors will be strengthened and cropland carbon budget will be more physically-based and reliable. （2） Large-scale modelin

关 键 词：土壤呼吸组分 分离技术 根呼吸 微生物呼吸 农田生态系统 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]