水稻植质钵育秧盘蒸汽干燥工艺优化  

Optimization of steam drying conditions for seedling-growing tray made of paddy-straw

作　　者：于海明[1] 汪春[1] 韩智学[2] 孙勇[3] 张伟[1] 胡军[1] 刘天祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,大庆163319 [2]牡丹江医学院人事处,牡丹江157011 [3]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第21期40-49,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化(2009GB2B200101);黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GZ11B503);黑龙江农垦总局科技攻关项目(HNK10A-09-05);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12531459);黑龙江省普通高等学校八一农垦大学农业机械化工程重点实验室开放课题资助项目(Hljbynd gc2013007)

摘　　要：水稻植质钵育秧盘的湿强度是保证秧盘成型及机械化插秧要求的关键因素。为了确保秧盘的湿强度能够满足秧盘成型及机械化插秧的要求,该文以水稻植质钵育秧盘为研究对象,利用蒸汽干燥技术,以蒸汽干燥后的秧盘湿强度为试验指标,通过单因素试验,分析研究了自然环境预处理时间、干燥时间、干燥温度和后干燥时间对秧盘湿强度的影响,确定了影响秧盘湿强度的主要因素和取值范围。在单因素试验的基础上,利用二次正交旋转组合试验建立了秧盘蒸汽干燥数学模型,并利用双因素分析法分析了各因素与评价指标之间的关系,确定各因素在数学模型中的主次顺序。试验表明:植质钵育秧盘干燥的最佳工艺条件是秧盘预处理时间为10 h,干燥时间为21 h,干燥温度为130℃,在此条件下秧盘湿强度预测值为0.4 MPa,验证试验得到实际湿强度值为0.395 MPa,与理论预测值相比,相对误差为1.25%。该研究结果为水稻植质钵育秧盘工业化生产提供一定的理论指导。The seedling-growing tray was produced by mixing such materials as straw powder, biological glue,and fertilizer soil with nutrient media, and shaping it by pressing and drying. The drying process is one of the important parts of the production. Which drying method and process to be used is a key factor to ensure the drying quality of the seedling tray. The seedling tray drying quality includes such aspects as warpage, crack, wet strength,and corrosion. The warpage and cracks not only affect the tray modeling rate and agronomic requirements of mechanized cultivation, but also increase the cost of the production. The corrosion of the seedling tray determines the seedling quality and its shelf life. The wet strength determines the shape of the seedling tray as it is steeped in water and the mechanized planting agronomic requirements. The seedling tray drying methods include natural environmental ventilation drying, hot air drying, and steam drying. On an experimental basis, the three kinds of drying methods effects on the quality of seedling tray drying and the advantages of steam drying were considered in this paper. Then the steam drying method was determined to be the major way of drying the seedling tray. The wet strength is also an important indicator of steam drying quality, which is one of the key factors meeting the demands of seedling-growing tray molding and mechanized cultivating to ensure that the wet strength of a seedling-growing tray could fulfill the demands above. In this paper, a seedling-growing tray made of paddy-straw was taken as the research object, and the steam drying technology was used, with the wet strength after steam drying taken as experimental indicators. Through single-factor tests, we analyzed some elements which could affect the wet strength of a seedling-growing tray, such as natural environment pretreatment time, drying time,drying temperature, and drying time in a dryer after stopping steam supplying of a tray, and ascertained the influencing factors and the range of these facto

关 键 词：干燥 优化 蒸汽 水稻植质钵育秧盘 工艺 参数 

分 类 号：S226.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S223.13[农业科学—农业工程]