中国农业信息化技术发展现状及存在的问题  

Current situation and existing problems of agricultural informatization in China

作　　者：陈威[1] 郭书普[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]安徽省农业科学院情报研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第22期196-205,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61003263);国家"十二五"科技支撑重点项目(2012BAH20B04);国家科技支撑项目(2009BAC4B02);农业部项目"农业信息监测预警与信息化"资助

摘　　要：围绕农业传感器技术、精细农作技术、农业机器人技术、农业物联网技术和农业信息服务技术五大方面,对农业信息化前沿技术的发展态势进行了分析,同时探讨了中国农业信息化前沿技术发展存在的问题并提出了相应的建议。研究表明,农业传感器技术是农业信息获取与信息化的基础,精细农作技术代表了当今农业装备的先进水平,农业机器人技术是未来农业智能装备的重要方向,农业物联网技术是农业监管与质量监控的有效手段,农业信息服务技术则愈来愈聚焦农业信息服务中的云存储、云计算、云服务和移动互联的关键技术问题。This paper analyzes the development trends of frontier technology for agricultural informatization including five aspects of agricultural sensor technology, precision farming technology, agricultural robot technology, agricultural internet of things technology, and agricultural information service technology. It also discusses the existing problems in the development of frontier technology for agricultural informatization in China and proposes corresponding countermeasures. Firstly, the paper introduces the frontier techniques for agricultural informatization. For advanced agricultural sensor technology, three types of techniques are described, namely life information sensing technique, environmental information sensing technique, and comprehensive information collecting technique. For precision farming technology and intelligent equipment, onboard farmland information collection technique, precision farming positioning and controlling technique, decision model and prescription generating technique, and precise implementation technique are described. For agricultural intelligent robot technology, terrestrial mobile platform navigation and control technique and action planning technique are introduced. For agricultural internet of things technology and equipment, several issues are discussed including the sophisticated monitoring and scheduling of resources, ecological environment monitoring and management, agricultural product quality safety traceability, etc. For agricultural information service technology, frontier techniques and applications for agricultural remote sensing and agricultural information resource value-added services are evaluated. Major problems existed in the development of agricultural informatization technology in China are also discussed. For agricultural sensor technology, the existing problems include that the agricultural information dynamic sensing technique needs to be improved, advanced agricultural sensor technique and industry development are not perfect, and agricultural sensor afte

关 键 词：农业 传感器 机器人 信息化 精细农作 物联网 农业信息服务 前沿技术 

分 类 号：S1[农业科学—农业基础科学] S2