桂林油茶示范林营建现状及成因  

The Situation and Causes of Demonstration Forest about Guilin Camellia oleifera

作　　者：邓荫伟[1] 刘仁路[1] 吴建波[1] 邓益德[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《中国林副特产》2013年第6期19-22,共4页Forest By-product and Speciality in China

摘　　要：自2009年以来，桂林市在灌阳、龙胜、灵川等县建立多处油茶早实丰产示范林，为了促进油茶产业的发展，2012年7～9月对部分有代表性的示范林进行了调查，分析结果如下：灵川县灵田乡示范点油茶生长最佳，其平均树高、冠径、地径、春稍长与生长最差的阳朔县福利镇示范点相比，差异显著，相应值分别高出29．49％、30．91％、28．97％、11．55％；从开花株率看，灵川县灵田乡、龙胜县龙胜镇2个示范点的平均值分别达68．90％和63．02％，显著优于福利镇、新圩乡、崔家乡、瓢里乡4个示范点的平均值，其中灵田乡示范点开花株率的平均值与这4个示范点相比，分别高出40．11％、62．82％、27．49％、51．04％；从平均挂果株率看，同样是灵田乡示范点的平均值最高，其挂果株率为23．26％，与福利镇、新圩乡、崔家乡、瓢里乡4个示范点相比，分别高出71．78％、64．15％、19．22％、63．46％。油茶示范林生长、开花挂果株率的优劣，与品种选择、管理水平有显著相关。在营建油茶早实丰产示范林时，必须注重于选择优质丰产品种的嫁接苗，加强抚育、施肥、修剪及病虫害防治工作，促进其生长旺盛，达到早实丰产的示范效果。More early fruiting and high yield Camellia olei f era demonstration forest have been es-tablished in Guanyang ,Longsheng ,Lingchuan ,and somew here else tow n of Guilin since 2009 . In order to promote the development of Camellia olei f era industrial ,we made some field survey in July-September 2012 .The results and analysis are as follows ：Camellia grow best in Lingtian village ,Lingchuan town .The mean height ,mean crown diameter ,mean basal diameter ,and the mean spring twig longer compared with the worst growth in Yangshuo town of Fuli village ,the difference was significant ,the corresponding values were higher than 29 .49% ,30 .91% ,28 .97% ,11 .55% .Lingtian village ,Lingchuan town and Longsheng village ,Longsheng town’s Camellia have the highest flowering and fruiting rate average of 68 .90% and 63 .02% ,significantly better than the average of Fuli village ,Xinxu village ,Cuijia xiang village ,Piaoli village’s .The corresponding values were higher than 40 .11% ,62 .82% ,27 .49% ,51 .04% ;The average of fruiting strain rate highest is still in Lingchuan town lingtian village .Its fruiting strain rate of 23 .26% . Compare with the 4 demonstration sites of Fuli village ,Xinxu village ,Cuijia xiang village ,and Piaoli village ,the corresponding values were higher than 71 .78% ,64 .15% ,19 .22% ,63 .46% . The species selection ,management level have significant relationship with the growth ,flowering rate and fruiting rate of Camellia olei f era demonstration forest .So ,we must focus on selection of high-quality high-yielding varieties of grafted seedlings , strengthen tending , fertilization , pruning and pest control work ,to promote its vigorous growth ,and get early fruit yield demonstration effect ,when you built a construction Camellia early-fruit-yield demonstration forest .

关 键 词：油茶 早实丰产 现状 成因 桂林 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]