5种蕨类植物叶片解剖结构及其对阴生环境的适应性研究  

Study on the anatomy structure of five species of fern leaves and its adaptability to sciophyte environment

作　　者：张泽宏[1] 吴小霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学生物科学与技术系,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第6期840-843,共4页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：闽南师范大学科研基金项目(L206J7)

摘　　要：应用叶片离析法和石蜡切片法,对生长在阴生环境下的5种蕨类植物海金沙(Lygodium japonicum(Thunb.)Sw.)、井栏边草(Pteris multifida)、肾蕨(Nephrolepis cordifolia)、铁线蕨(Adiantum capillus-veneris)、银脉凤尾蕨(Pteris ensiformis cv.victoriae)的叶表面及其横切结构进行了显微观察研究.结果显示,这5种蕨类植物叶片都有相似的结构特征:叶片较薄;表皮细胞角质层薄,上表皮无气孔,下表皮有气孔,但气孔密度小;叶肉组织分布不规则,细胞间隙较大,通气组织发达,无栅栏组织和海绵组织的分化,叶肉细胞内叶绿体的数目较多,体积较大,且呈狭长的串状分布.上述研究结果表明,5种蕨类植物在叶片结构上表现出对阴生环境的适应性.The micro-anatomy structure of five species of fern leaves were studied by the epidermis maceration and paraffin methods.The five species of ferns were Lygodium japonicum（Thunb.）Sw.,Pteris multifida,Nephrolepis cordifolia,Adiantum capillusveneris and Pteris ensiformis cv.victoriae,which lived in sciophyte environment.The results showed that there were some identical structure characteristics among the five kinds of ferns：Thin leaf blade,thin epidermal cell cuticle; No stoma in the upper epidermis,but small density of stoma in the palisade epidermis;The irregular distribution of mesophyll tissue,wide cell gap,developed aerenchyma,and no differentiation between palisade tissue and spongy tissue;Many big chloroplasts in the mesophyll cell was long and narrow string-like distribution.The structure characteristics indicated that the five species of ferns performed the adaptability to the sciophyte environment.

关 键 词：蕨类植物 叶 解剖结构 适应性 

分 类 号：Q944.3[生物学—植物学]