大连斑海豹自然保护区海域渔业资源现状初步研究  

Fishery Resources in Waters of Dalian Seal Nature Reservation Zone

作　　者：田甲申[1] 韩家波[1] 张明[1] 李华琳[1] 鹿志创[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁省海洋生物资源和生态学重点实验室,辽宁省应用海洋生物技术开放实验室,辽宁省水产分子生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科学》2013年第11期646-652,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家海洋局公益项目(201105011);辽宁省海洋与渔业厅科研项目(200920)

摘　　要：为系统了解大连斑海豹自然保护区及附近海域渔业资源的状况,于2012年3月下旬在大连斑海豹自然保护区海域以底拖网进行了15个站位的渔业资源调查,共发现游泳动物34种,隶属于9目26科,其中鱼类17种,虾类9种,蟹类6种,头足类2种。保护区海域游泳动物29种,鱼类16种,头足类1种,甲壳类12种。毗邻海域渔获物24种,鱼类11种,头足类1种,甲壳类12种。单种渔获尾数占总渔获尾数比例大于1%的种类共计17种,保护区有16种,毗邻海域有10种。两个区域单种渔获密度占总渔获密度比例均大于1%的有4种,保护区内有12种,毗邻海域为7种。保护区海域渔获物种丰度指数为1.01~2.36,平均1.52;物种多样性指数为1.27~3.39,平均2.458;物种均匀度指数为0.38~0.91,平均0.71;毗邻海域渔获物种丰度指数为0.94~1.63,平均1.37;物种多样性指数为1.50~2.71,平均1.998;均匀度指数为0.38~0.78,平均0.573。总体来说,保护区海域物种多样性指数平均较高。The fishery resources survey in Dalian seal nature reservation zone and the adjacent sea area were conducted at 15 sampling stations on later March of 2012 by underground trawling to evaluate the community structure and spatial patterns of heterogeneity of nekton.A total of 34 nektons were collected during the survey,belonging to 9 orders including 17 fish species,9 shrimp species,6 crab species and 2 cephalopod species.However,29 nektons were found in reservation zone including 16 species of fish,12 crustaceans and 1 cephalopod,and 24 nektons were collected in the adjacent area including 11species of fish,12 crustaceans and 1 cephalopod.A total of 17 species nektons showed single-species catch proportion of more than 1% of the total catches in number,16 species in the reservation zone and 10 species in the adjacent area.There were 4 species nektons showing single-species density of over 1% in both the reservation zone and the adjacent area.In the reservation zone,the richness indices（Margaler）was ranged from 1.01 to 2.36,with an average of 1.52,the species diversity indices（Shannon-Wiener）from 1.27 to 3.39,with an average of 2.458,and the evenness indices（Pielou）0.38~0.91,with an average of 0.71.In adjacent sea area,the richness indices was found between 0.94 and 1.63,with an average of 1.37,the species diversity index 1.50~2.71,with an average of 1.998,and the evenness indices 0.38~0.78,with an average of 0.573,showing the higher species diversity index in the reservation than in other areas.

关 键 词：斑海豹自然保护区 渔业资源 游泳动物 生物多样性 优势种 

分 类 号：S932.2[农业科学—渔业资源]