土壤水和空气湿度组合对大豆幼苗光合特性的影响及其复水响应  

Effect of Drought and Rewatering on Photosynthetic Characteristics in Soybean Seedings Under Different Air Humidity

作　　者：楼靓珺[1] 宋新山[1] 赵晓祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第33期118-123,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："973"计划"气候变化对旱涝灾害的影响及风险评估"(2010CB951102);国家自然科学基金"水平潜流CWs水动力模拟及去污实证"(51079028);上海市自然科学基金"CWs脱氮的水驱动机制及其模拟研究"(10ZR1400300)

摘　　要：为了探索在干旱环境下提高空气湿度能否减弱干旱胁迫对植物光合作用的损伤,对受试材料进行初步研究。通过采用人工气候箱控制环境的温湿度,盆栽试验的方法,设置土干气湿(DH)、土干气干(DL)、土湿气湿(WH)、土湿气干(WL)4个处理组,进行一段时间的干旱,随后复水作业至W水平。通过对不同处理组叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量和光合作用参数等的测定,研究不同空气湿度和土壤水分对大豆苗期光合作用的影响。结果表明,各指标数据的变化趋势大体上都是WH>WL>DH>DL。随着干旱程度加剧,植物生命活性变弱,数值逐渐下降。气孔关闭是光合效率低的重要原因。土壤湿度是植物生长的显著限制因子,提高空气湿度能对植物的干旱损伤起到缓解作用。复水后处理组能逐渐恢复至对照组水平,空气湿度高环境下复水后恢复较低湿的快,较之耐旱能力提高。In order to study the effects of water deficit and rewatering on soybean seedlings under different air related humidity（RH）,the cross pot experiments including four treatments,the two-level soil moisture factor（W/D） and the two-level RH（H/L）,were carried to do primary researches on tested material‘Yudou19＇. The controlled temperature and RH were setted in plant growth chamber. The results indicated that,all parameters were conformed to WH WL DH DL. It obviously inferred that,soil moisture was more significant than air humidity by largely affecting plant＇s growth. While,by raising RH could only relieve the injuries coursed by drought stress. The stomatal limitations to photosynthesis were dominant under drought stress. Rewatering experiments made all the treatments recovering from the risk of drought,and rewatered experimental groups were finally close to the level of the control groups.

关 键 词：空气相对湿度 水分胁迫 大豆苗期 光合作用 复水 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]