发展中国家气候灾害及应对能力调查分析  

A Questionnaire Survey and Analysis on Features and Response Capability of Climate Disasters in Developing Countries

作　　者：胡婷[1] 巢清尘[1] 黄磊[1] 石英[1] 王勇[2] 郑有飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局国家气候中心,北京100081 [2]南京信息工程大学WMO区域培训中心,南京210044

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2013年第6期421-426,共6页Climate Change Research

基　　金：国家发展改革委应对气候变化国际合作工作经费项目(2011003)

摘　　要：通过一个自主设计的调查问卷的抽样调查,对发展中国家气候灾害的主要状况及开展的应对工作进行了分析,以了解发展中国家的气候灾害及应对能力。调查结果表明,洪涝、干旱和海平面上升是受访发展中国家面临的3种最主要的气候灾害,具有发生频繁、影响范围广且造成损失大的特征。大多数接受调查的发展中国家尚未建立完备的灾害管理体系,加强对气候灾害的监测预警是其应对极端气候事件、降低灾害风险的首要任务之一。帮助其他发展中国家建立并完善监测预警系统应是中国应对气候变化南南合作的重要领域之一。A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the features and response capability of climate disasters in developing countries.The results show that the flood,drought and sea level rise are three major disasters,which are characterized by high frequency,spatial extent and losses.Most developing countries have not yet established a comprehensive disaster management system.The enhancement of disaster monitoring and early warning is one of the primary tasks of developing countries in addressing climate change and reducing disaster risk.Therefore,to help developing countries establish and improve monitoring and early warning system based on the operational work and experience of China could be one of the important fields of China＇s Climate Change SouthSouth Cooperation work.

关 键 词：发展中国家 气候灾害 应对能力 调查问卷 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]