2008-2011年医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Analysis of distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infection isolated in 2008-2011

作　　者：魏妙华[1] 林慧萍[1] 彭根英[2] 丁汀[1] 王华富[1] 吴益佳 

机构地区：[1]丽水市人民医院临床药学科,浙江丽水323000 [2]丽水市人民医院医院感染管理科,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第23期5801-5803,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省医院可持续发展扬子江研究基金项目(2011ZHA-YZJ312)

摘　　要：目的掌握医院感染病原菌构成变化及耐药趋势，为指导临床用药及控制感染提供依据。方法对2008年i月-2011年12月临床送检的各类标本中分离的病原菌及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果细菌分布动态分析表明，革兰阴性菌是医院感染的主要病原菌，其中以铜绿假单胞菌和大肠埃希菌最为常见；大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等常见肠杆菌科细菌对阿莫西林耐药率最高，为68．1％～100．0％；对亚胺培南耐药率最低，为0～7．1％；铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌等常见非发酵菌对氨曲南耐药率最高，为86．4％～100．0％；对头孢哌酮／舒巴坦耐药率最低，为9．4％～24．8％；葡萄球菌属对青霉素耐药率较高，为96．9％～99．1％；对万古霉素最敏感，未发现耐药菌株。结论医院主要病原菌的耐药性日趋严重，应加强细菌耐药性监测，合理使用抗菌药物，预防和减少耐药菌株的产生。OBJECTIVE To learn the composition changes and the tendency of drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infection, and to provide the basis for rational clinical drug use and control of nosocomial infection. METHODS A retrospective analysis of distribution and drug resistance was conducted on the pathogens causing nosocomial infection isolated in the clinical examined specimens from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2011. RESULTS The dynamic analysis of bacteria distribution indicated that the gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing nosocomial infection, and the most common bacteria were Pseudornonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coll. The bacteria which had highest drug resistant rates to amoxicillin is Enterobacteriaceae, such as E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which were 68.1%-100%; the lowest were to imipenem, which were 0-7.1%; and the bacteria which＂ had highest resistant rates to Aztreonam were the common non-fermenting bacteria such as P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, which were 86. 5%-100%; the lowest rates were to cefoperazone/sulbactam, which were 9.4%-24.8% ;and Staphylococcus had the highest resistant rate to penicillin, which was 96.9%-99.1%;and was most sensitive to vancomycin, no drug resistant strains were found. CONCLUSION The drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infection is gradually increasing. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the monitoring of bacterial drug resistance and rational use of antimicrobial drugs so as to prevent and reduce the generation of drug-resistant pathogens.

关 键 词：医院感染 病原菌 分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]